国际水政治研究进展与政治地理学展望  

A review of transboundary hydropolitical research and a political geographical outlook

作　　者：张文雅 刘晓凤 王雨 ZHANG Wenya;LIU Xiaofeng;WANG Yu(Department of Government and Public Administration,The Chinese University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China;Department of Geography,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China;Center for Social Sciences,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]香港中文大学政治与行政学系,中国香港999077 [2]香港大学地理系,中国香港999077 [3]南方科技大学社会科学中心,深圳518055

出　　处：《地理研究》2022年第11期2963-2978,共16页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41801132);教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(17YJCZH183);广东省自然科学基金项目(2018A030313964)。

摘　　要：国际河流因涉及国家间的资源归属和主权事务而具有强烈的政治属性。尽管国际水政治相关的权力和空间议题已成为国际学界的热点之一,但尚未在国内政治地理学者中得到充分关注。结合质性系统性综述与文献计量学方法,对1990—2020年Web of Science核心合集中235篇与CNKI数据库中158篇国际水政治文章进行回顾。结果表明,国际水政治研究呈现多学科介入的特点,中文研究侧重国际关系和国际法议题,英文研究则以政治地理学和政治生态学为主要理论基础。总体而言,在水冲突与合作、话语批判、水-社会关系三大研究主题下,既有研究不仅通过多元主体和话语建构回应“领域陷阱”的局限性,还从辩证和关系视角丰富水的本体论和认识论,从而推进了国际水政治的研究议程。本文认为,政治地理学者可从空间、领域、尺度等角度进一步深化国际水政治研究,为全球治理和可持续发展贡献地理学的理论和思考。Transboundary water governance is an important geopolitical issue because it is associated with states'natural resources ownership and sovereignty.Although the spatial politics of the transboundary watersheds have attracted considerable attention in Western academia,the research from domestic political geographers remains scant.To better capture the research trends and themes of transboundary hydropolitics,this study conducts qualitative systematic and bibliometrics-based literature reviews on 235 English articles from the Web of Science Core Collection and 158 Chinese articles from the CNKI database between 1990 and 2020.It shows that transboundary hydropolitics research is highly interdisciplinary.The English literature mainly covers geography,critical geopolitics and political ecology,while Chinese studies primarily draw on international relations and international law.Both English and Chinese researchers have paid the most attention to water cooperation and conflicts.Whereas such topics as"space","territory",and"state"have gained popularity in English studies,Chinese articles are more concerned about water diplomacy and other issues of reality.Water cooperation and conflicts,critical and discursive analysis,and hydro-social relations jointly constitute three pillars of transboundary hydropolitics research.The research on the first topic evolved from a conflict-cooperation dualism to the transboundary water interaction,highlighting the power asymmetries,actions and strategies among the countries.However,this line of inquiry is subject to the"territorial trap"due to its state-centricity and statist understanding of sovereignty.Against this backdrop,critical hydropolitics and securitization theory have examined multiscalar actors'representative,discursive,and imaginative practices,which provides a more subtle and dynamic analysis of power relations.Moreover,the realist thinking of water conflict and cooperation research has given rise to the dichotomy of nature and society,which treats water as the object of int

关 键 词：国际河流 水政治 政治地理 政治生态 批判地缘政治 研究进展 

分 类 号：K901.4[历史地理—人文地理学]