“我想绘制……一幅批评地理的地图”——论《所罗门之歌》的场域依恋与美国身份构建  

“I Want to Draw a Map...of Critical Geography”:On Place Attachment and the Construction of American Identity in Toni Morrison’s Song of Solomon

作　　者：文永超[1] Wen Yongchao(Sichuan International Studies University,Chongqing,China,400031)

机构地区：[1]四川外国语大学

出　　处：《当代外国文学》2022年第3期101-108,共8页Contemporary Foreign Literature

基　　金：2018年重庆市社科规划项目“托妮·莫里森小说的认知空间批评研究”(2018YBWX130);2020年度国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“认知诗学研究与理论版图重构”(20&ZD291)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：归属感是构成人类心理过程和社会关系的基本驱动力,其基本形式是依恋,依恋的对象可以是特定个人、群体、场域或时代。《所罗门之歌》塑造了三个主要人物三种不同的场域情感,指涉的是人物归属感的强弱程度。派拉特随身带着地理书,始终像导航员一样给自己和他人提供寻路指导和道德规训,体现的是恋地情结。吉他受困于幽闭空间,主张暴力的场域创制模式,本质上是一个厌地形象,代表的是归属感缺失。奶娃由一味排斥人地互动转化为有意识的场域建构,场域情感最终由漠然转为依恋,成功找回在南方的黑人家族之根。莫里森通过人物与地理不同类型的情感互动,旨在揭示:摒弃厌地情感并形成场域依恋,是黑人构建美国身份的唯一出路。A sense of belonging is the fundamental driving force for the mental processes and the complex social relations of human beings. Its basic form is attachment,the object of which can be a specifc individual, group, place or age. Song of Solomon,Toni Morrison’s third novel, depicts three types of place sentiments to represent the intensity of the characters’ sense of belonging. Pilate, who always has her geography textbook with her and offers way-fnding guidance and moral discipline to others like a pilot, epitomizes a sense of topophilia. Guitar, trapped in a claustrophobic space, advocates a violent way of place-making, representing a sense of topophobia. Milkman, the central character,under the guidance of Pilate, transforms from a man stuck in place indifference into one who successfully fnds his root and place attachment in the American South. Through the emotive interplay between characters and geography, Morrison demonstrates that the only way for the black to construct an American identity is to shake off topophobia and form a strong sense of place attachment.

关 键 词：托妮·莫里森 《所罗门之歌》 场域感 依恋 恋地 厌地 身份 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]