大型海藻对重金属富集作用、影响因素及应用  

Enrichment,influencing factors and applications of heavy metals by macroalgae

作　　者：黄宏 王霄[1] 罗予杉 赵旭 程晓鹏 章守宇[1,2] HUANG Hong;WANG Xiao;LUO Yushan;ZHAO Xu;CHENG Xiaopeng;ZHANG Shouyu(College of Marine Ecology and Environment,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Ranching,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学海洋牧场工程技术研究中心,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2022年第5期1158-1167,共10页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0901302,2018YFD0900704);现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-50);国家自然科学基金(41876191)。

摘　　要：海洋大型海藻对重金属具有富集作用,大型海藻通过浓度差异驱动、海藻细胞表面与重金属的结合以及海藻对重金属的主动吸收而富集重金属,而海藻对重金属的富集受到多种环境因子包括pH,温度,盐度等影响,此外还与重金属的种类、浓度和海藻的种类有关。基于国内外学者对海藻中重金属含量的调查,对海藻富集重金属的环境影响进行了总结。一方面,重金属沿食物链的生物放大作用可能会造成生态危害和人体健康威胁;另一方面,利用海藻对重金属的富集作用差异,将大型海藻作为海水重金属污染指示生物或水体重金属污染生物修复材料得到了越来越广泛的关注。Marine macroalgae are enriched in heavy metals,and the enrichment of heavy metals by macroalgae is driven by concentration differences,binding of heavy metals to the cell surface of algae,and active uptake of heavy metals by algae.The enrichment of heavy metals by algae is affected by a variety of environmental factors including pH,temperature,salinity,etc.,in addition to the type and concentration of heavy metals and the type of algae.Based on the investigation of heavy metal content in seaweeds by domestic and foreign scholars,this review summarizes the environmental effects of heavy metal-enriched seaweeds.On the one hand,the biomagnification of heavy metals along the food chain may cause ecological hazards and human health threats.On the other hand,the use of macroalgae as indicator organisms for heavy metal pollution in seawater or bioremediation materials for heavy metal pollution in water bodies has received increasingly widespread attention by taking advantage of the differences in the enrichment of heavy metals by seaweeds.

关 键 词：大型海藻 重金属 生物富集 指示生物 生物修复 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X55