我国远程劳动工时制度适用困境及因应  

Predicament and Countermeasures of the Application of China’s Remote Working Hour System Under the Background of COVID-19

作　　者：陈斌彬[1] 徐璐 CHEN Bin-bin;XU Lu

机构地区：[1]华侨大学法学院,福建泉州362021

出　　处：《华侨大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第6期110-120,共11页Journal of Huaqiao University(Philosophy & Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(20BFX152)。

摘　　要：新冠疫情的持续蔓延使得远程劳动这种用工形态渐为国内众多行业所青睐。但远程劳动时空分离的特性对我国《劳动法》工时制度的适用提出了挑战,使之陷入诸如工时适用不兼容、远程加班举证难与次生道德风险等困境。为破解上述适用困境,一方面应在现行《劳动法》框架内拓宽特殊工时制度的适用对象,发挥劳资合意与集体协商机制在工时适用中的调节作用,在工时与加班纠纷中采取举证责任推定与个案实质判断相结合,并以软法性规则构建劳动诚信职业伦理等;另一方面应在企业管理上狠下功夫,要求企业严格规范自身工作系统的运作、显明化内部加班规则,从法律制度建设和企业管理优化两个层面多措并举,构建一个灵活多样的相机型劳动工时适用机制。The continuous spread of the COVID-19 has made the employment form of remote labor gradually favored by many industries in China.However,the separation of time and space of remote labor poses a series of challenges to the application of the working hour system in China’s current Labor Law,which makes it fall into difficulties such as the incompatibility of the working hour application of remote workers,the difficulty in providing evidence for remote overtime and secondary moral hazard.In order to solve the above application dilemma,on the one hand,we should broaden the application objects of the special working hour system within the framework of the current Labor Law,emphasize the regulatory role of consent of the remote worker and the employer,and democratic negotiation mechanism in the application of working hours,adhere to the combination of the presumption of the burden of proof with the substantive judgment of individual cases in working hours and overtime disputes,and construct labor professional ethics with soft law.On the other hand,we should make great efforts in enterprise management,require enterprises to strictly regulate the operation of their own work system,optimize the overtime rules of enterprises,and build a flexible and diversified working hour application mechanism from legal system construction and enterprise management optimization.

关 键 词：远程劳动 工时制度 集体协商 

分 类 号：D912.29[政治法律—民商法学] D912.5[政治法律—经济法学]