青海省农牧区小学生营养素养状况研究  

Study on nutrition literacy among primary school students in rural and pasture areas of Qinghai Province

作　　者：杨素芳 张曼 张娜[2,4] 王行 池睿欣 朱文丽 马福昌[1,5] 马冠生 YANG Su-fang;ZHANG Man;ZHANG Na;WANG Xing;CHI Rui-xin;ZHU Wen-li;MA Fu-chang;MA Guan-sheng(Department of Public Health,School of Medicine,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai Province 810001,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]青海大学医学部公共卫生系,青海省西宁810001 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,北京100191 [3]北京大学护理学院 [4]食品安全毒理学研究与评价北京市重点实验室,北京100191 [5]青海省疾病预防控制中心慢病所营养与健康室,青海省西宁810007

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2022年第10期745-749,共5页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：达能营养中心膳食营养研究与宣教基金(DIC2020-11)。

摘　　要：目的了解青海省农牧区小学生营养素养现状,为当地政府和学校开展营养健康教育提供科学依据。方法于2021年4—6月采用分层随机整群抽样方法,选取青海省海南州、海西州和海东市小学四、五年级的969名学生为研究对象,采用《中国居民营养素养核心信息及评估工具》中学龄儿童部分收集营养认知、营养技能、生活方式与行为等相关信息。采用SPSS 25.0软件进行t检验、方差分析、χ^(2)检验、Spearman相关分析。结果青海省农牧区小学生营养素养合格率为55.8%。营养认知得分为(10.8±2.2)分,生活方式与行为得分为(14.9±2.8)分,营养技能得分四、五年级分别为(31.3±4.1)、(32.4±4.4)分,营养素养总得分四、五年级分别为(56.4±6.9)、(58.4±6.8)分。学生营养认知部分知晓率最高的为饮食文化(33.5%),最低的为食物分类及营养(11.2%);营养技能部分掌握率最高的是规律进食(82.8%),最低的是均衡饮食(4.2%);学生生活方式与行为良好率最高的是食用早餐良好率(86.1%),饮用含糖饮料良好率、食用油炸食品良好率、食用西式快餐良好率、运动时间良好率和视屏时间良好率分别为37.7%、40.4%、67.1%、29.0%和56.0%。学生营养认知、营养技能和生活方式及行为三者得分均呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论青海省农牧区小学生营养素养水平较低,亟待开展以提高营养认知水平、加强营养技能和促进良好生活方式与行为为主的综合性营养健康教育。Objective To understand the nutrition literacy among primary school students in rural and pasture areas of Qinghai Province,and provide the scientific evidence for the nutrition health education of local government and schools.Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 969 students in grade four and five of primary school in Hainan autonomous prefecture,Haixi autonomous prefecture and Haidong city as the subjects,and the part of school-age children in"Core Components and Assessment Tools for Chinese Residents’Nutrition Literacy"was used to collect the information of nutrition cognition,nutrition skills and life-style and behavior.The t test,analysis of variance,χ^(2)test and Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyze the data.The used software was SPSS 25.0.Results The pass rate of nutrition literacy among primary school students in rural and pasture areas of Qinghai Province was 55.8%.The average score of nutrition cognition was 10.8±2.2,the average score of life-style and behavior was 14.9±2.8,the average scores of nutrition skills of forth grade students and fifth grade students were 31.3±4.1 and 32.4±4.4,respectively;the average scores of nutrition literacy of forth grade students and fifth grade students were 56.4±6.9 and 58.4±6.8,respectively.The highest awareness rate in nutrition cognition was food culture(33.5%),while the lowest was food classification and nutrition(11.2%);the highest mastery rate in nutrition skills was regular diet(82.8%),while the lowest was balanced diet(4.2%);the highest life-style and behavior excellence rate was daily breakfast eating(86.1%),the drinking sugar-sweetened beverages excellence rate,eating fried food excellence rate,eating western fast food excellence rate,regular exercising excellence rate and screening time excellence rate were 37.7%,40.4%,67.1%,29.0%and56.0%,respectively.The scores of students’nutrition cognition was positively correlated with skills and life-style and behavior,so as skills and life-style a

关 键 词：营养素养 营养技能 农牧区 小学生 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]