中国城市群热岛效应时空演变及其影响因素分析  

Spatio-temporal Evolution of Heat Island Effect and Its Driving Factors in Urban Agglomerations of China

作　　者：胡楠林 任志彬[1,2] 董禹麟 付尧 郭玉洁 毛之夏 常馨悦[4] Hu Nanlin;Ren Zhibin;Dong Yulin;Fu Yao;Guo Yujie;Mao Zhixia;Chang Xinyue(Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,Jilin,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Geography and Engineering of Land Resources,Yuxi Normal University,Yuxi 653100,Yunnan,China;College of Geography and Ocean Science,Yanbian University,Yanji 133002,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室,吉林长春130102 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]玉溪师范学院地理与国土工程学院,云南玉溪653100 [4]延边大学地理与海洋科学学院,吉林延吉133002

出　　处：《地理科学》2022年第9期1534-1545,共12页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42171109,32130068),中国科学院青年促进会人才项目(2020237)资助。

摘　　要：基于长期不透水面和MODIS地表温度数据,分析2000—2015年中国城市群扩张及热岛效应时空演变,进而综合采用冗余分析(RDA)、线性回归分析和变异分配分析(VPA)等方法,揭示城市群城市热岛效应的驱动机制。结果表明:城市群内建成区面积快速扩张,不透水面比例从2000年2.08%增长到2015年5.33%,且主要集中于珠江三角洲等沿海城市群;2000—2015年,夏季热岛分布较广,且白天强度高于夜晚。东部以及大部分北部城市群如哈长城市群等,降温强度较大,但其夜晚热岛效应在不同程度增强。冬季夜晚比白天热岛分布广、强度高,北方、西北、东部等地区夜晚热岛效应也在增强;自然环境因素显著影响城市群热岛强度,降水对夏季夜晚热岛强度起显著负贡献(22%),纬度越高,冬季夜晚热岛强度也越高。人为因素显著影响夜晚热岛分布和城市群内热岛强度的平衡,城市植被覆盖显著减少夜晚城市群内热岛分布,灯光强度对夏季夜晚热岛强度起显著负贡献(24%),对热岛比例起显著正贡献(27%),人口密度对夏季夜晚热岛强度起显著负贡献(31%);自然环境因素对热岛强度的贡献占主导,而人为干扰因素对热岛比例的贡献占主导。Urban agglomeration characterized by compact regional cooperation and frequent human mobility has been an obvious direction of urban and socio-economic development in China.However,in the formation of urban agglomeration,rapid impervious expansion and tremendous anthropogenic heat sources making urban areas hotter,which generates the urban heat island(UHI)effect and associated extreme heat events,threatening public health and sustainable development.Although studies have documented the impact of UHI on the urban environment by using a single urban agglomeration as the research object,there is still a lack of knowledge of the driving mechanism of the spatiotemporal pattern of UHI on the national scale.In this study,we observed the urban expansion and the spatiotemporal pattern of UHI in 19 urban agglomerations of China from 2000 to 2015 by using long-term impervious data and MODIS surface temperature data.Furthermore,by using Redundancy analysis(RDA)and linear regression model with the datasets that represent the nature and socio-economic driving factors,we quantified the driving mechanism of spatiotemporal pattern of UHI for all urban agglomerations.Results show that the impervious surface expanded rapidly with its proportion increased from 2.08%to 5.33%during 2000-2015 in China’s urban agglomerations,concentrating in coastal urban agglomerations such as the Pearl River Delta.The proportion of heat island(PHI)was high and the intensity of heat island(SUHII_(agg))was higher in summer nighttime than in daytime.The eastern and numerous of northern urban agglomerations such as Harbin-Changchun had strong cooling capacity in summer,however the SUHII_(agg) increased in nighttime to varying degrees.Besides,the PHI and the SUHII_(agg) in winter nighttime was higher than that in daytime.And the SUHII_(agg) in the north,northwest and east urban agglomerations increased in winter nighttime.We found vegetation was significantly reducing the nighttime PHI,while the precipitation was negatively affecting the SUHII_(agg) in s

关 键 词：城市化 城市群 热岛强度 遥感分析 

分 类 号：X14[环境科学与工程—环境科学]