风景、人事与地方志--地理感知与沈从文20世纪30年代散文中的湘西书写  

Landscape,Personnel,and Local History:Geographical Perception and Xiangxi Writing in Shen Congwen’s Prose in the 1930s

作　　者：蒋士美 JIANG Shimei(School of Literature and Transmission,South-Central Minzu University,Wuhan Hubei 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学文传学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《成都理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第5期74-79,共6页Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Social Sciences

基　　金：湖北省教育厅人文社会科学项目(21Y169)。

摘　　要：沈从文在20世纪30年代两次返乡,写下三部经典的散文集《湘行书简》《湘行散记》和《湘西》,以亲身体验,向世人揭开了湘西的神秘面纱。虽然这三部散文集的描写对象同为湘西,但作家对这一神秘领地的文学书写,却表现出迥然不同的艺术风貌。《湘行书简》以游记体式和绘画笔法,客观描摹了一幅五彩斑斓的湘西风景画;《湘行散记》将地理感知转化为地理记忆,加入地理想象,通过筛选、加工和重组,再现了一部关于湘西人事的活历史;《湘西》则将地方志手法巧妙融入散文创作,较为科学地还原了湘西本相。三者艺术风貌的不同,显示出沈从文对故土湘西的地理感知由“现场体验”到“想象重组”再到“知觉审美”的进阶之旅。Shen Congwen returned to his hometown twice in the 1930s and wrote three classic collections of prose,“Xiang Xing Shu Jian”,“Xiang Xing San Ji”,and“Xiangxi”.With his personal experience,he revealed the mystery of Xiangxi to the world.Although the three collections of essays are both described in western Hunan,the writers’literary writings on this mysterious territory show very different artistic styles.“Xiang Xing Shu Jian”objectively depicts a colorful landscape of western Hunan with travel writing style and painting style.“Xiang Xing San Ji”transforms geographical perception into geographical memory,adds geographical imagination,and reproduces it through screening,processing,and reorganization.A living history about the personnel affairs of Western Hunan.“Xiangxi”skillfully integrates local chronicles into prose creation and restores the true state of Western Hunan more scientifically.The difference in the artistic styles of the three shows that Shen Congwen’s advanced journey of geographical perception of his native Hunan,from“on-site experience”to“imagination reorganization”to“perceptual aesthetics”.

关 键 词：沈从文 湘西散文 地理感知 《湘行书简》 《湘行散记》 《湘西》 

分 类 号：I0-05[文学—文学理论]