分析3种水产药物对新疆裸重唇鱼幼鱼的急性毒性影响  

Acute Toxicity of Three Aquatic Drugs to the Gymnodiptychus dybowskii

作　　者：张涛[1] 胡江伟 刘鸿[1] 李冬 沙文军 王小渝 蔡林钢[1] 牛建功[1] ZHANG Tao;HU Jiangwei;LIU Hong;LI Dong;SHA Wenjun;WANG Xiaoyu;CAI Lingang;NIU Jiangong(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Fishery Research Institute,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of the northwest region,Urumqi 830000,China;National Energy Group Xinjiang Jilintai Hydropower Development Co.Ltd,Yining Xinjiang 835000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区水产科学研究所/农业农村部西北地区渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]国家能源集团新疆吉林台水电开发有限公司,新疆伊宁835000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2022年第8期2058-2064,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金“喀什河段新疆裸重唇鱼的放流标记应用研究”(2019D01B44)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究3种水产药物对新疆裸重唇鱼的急性毒性,为新疆裸重唇鱼苗种培育及种质资源保护提供科学数据。【方法】在水温(12.2±0.2)℃,pH(8.6±0.1),溶氧(8.4±0.3)mg/L的静水条件下,研究不同浓度甲醛、食盐和高聚碘对体质量(75.23±5.08)g新疆裸重唇鱼幼鱼的急性毒性。【结果】新疆裸重唇鱼幼鱼在甲醛、食盐和高聚碘中24 h半致死浓度分别为:89.27、13580.67和、44.89 mg/L;48 h半致死浓度分别为:69.21、13010.59、38.46 mg/L;72 h半致死浓度分别为:56.23、12824.48和、34.74 mg/L;96 h半致死浓度分别为:48.07、12621.56和、32.42 mg/L;其安全浓度分别为12.48、3582.37和、8.47 mg/L;新疆裸重唇鱼幼鱼对3种药物的敏感性为:高聚碘>甲醛>食盐,均为防治新疆裸重唇鱼幼鱼疾病较好的药物。【结论】高聚碘、甲醛对新疆裸重唇鱼幼鱼属中毒性药物,而食盐属低毒性药物,在幼鱼疾病防治中,严格控制药物剂量浓度及浸泡时间。【Objective】To study the acute toxicity of three aquatic drugs to the Gymnodiptyc husdybowskii,provide scientific data for the fry breeding and germplasm resource protection of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii.【Method】The acute toxicity of formaldehyde,salt and high polyiod-ine to Gymnodiptychus dybowski juveniles with body weight of(75.23±5.08)g,was studiedat water temperature of(12.2±0.2)℃,pH of(8.6±0.1)and dissolved oxygen of(8.4±0.3)mg/L in still water.【Result】The semi-lethal concentrations(LD50)of Gymnodiptychus dybowski juveniles in formaldehyde,salt and high polyiodine were 89.27,13580.67 and 44.89 at 24 h,69.21,13010.59 and 38.46 mg/L at 48 h,56.23,12824.48 and 34.74 mg/L at 72 h,48.07 mg/L,12621.56 mg/L and 32.42 mg/L at 96h,and the safe concentrations were 12.48 mg/L,3582.37 and 8.47 mg/L.The sensitivity of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii juveniles to the three drugs was high polyiodine>formaldehyde>salt,all of which were good drugs to prevent and treat the disease of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii juveniles.【Conclusion】According to the grading standard of ecotoxicological hazard,high polyiodineand formaldehyde are a medium toxic drug,while salt is a low toxicity drug.In the prevention and treatment of juvenile fish diseases,drug dose concentration and immersion time should be strictly controlled.

关 键 词：新疆裸重唇鱼 甲醛 食盐 高聚碘 急性毒性 

分 类 号：S948[农业科学—水产养殖]