基于加权峭度自适应滤波和对称差分能量谱的船舶推进轴系轴承故障诊断  

Fault Diagnosis of Ship Propulsion Shafting Bearings Based onWeighted Kurtosis Adaptive Filtering and Symmetric Differential Energy Spectrum

作　　者：廖志强 宋雪玮 贾宝柱 尹建川 孔德峰 LIAO Zhi-qiang;SONG Xue-wei;JIA Bao-zhu;YIN Jian-chuan;KONG De-feng(Naval Architecture and Shipping College,Guangdong Ocean University/Technical Research Center for Ship Intelligence and Safety Engineering of Guangdong Province,Zhanjiang 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学船舶与海运学院/广东省船舶智能与安全工程技术研究中心,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2022年第6期130-136,共7页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(52201355,52071090);广东省教育厅重点领域资金项目(2020ZDZX3063,2021ZDZX1008);广东海洋大学科研启动经费资助项目。

摘　　要：【目的】滤除振动信号中的背景噪声、增强故障冲击特征,实现船舶推进轴系轴承故障诊断。【方法】提出一种基于加权峭度自适应滤波和对称差分能量谱的信号处理方法:设计加权峭度自适应高通滤波算法,以加权峭度指标作为迭代优选条件,解决传统最佳截止频带选取只能依靠先验知识的缺点;在传统Teager能量算子的基础上引入希尔伯特变换和对称差分求导方式,解调滤波后信号从而得到能量谱。【结果】在仿真实验和工程实验中,振动信号中的背景噪声被滤除,故障冲击更加突出,能正确识别轴承外圈故障、内圈故障及滚动体故障。【结论】加权峭度自适应滤波具有算法复杂度低、运行时间短的优点;对称差分能量谱能够有效提升故障冲击信号的能量占比。本方法能够准确诊断船舶推进轴系轴承故障。【Objective】To filter out the background noise in the vibration signal and enhance the fault impact characteristics,so as to realize the fault diagnosis of ship propulsion shafting bearings.【Method】A novel method based on weighted kurtosis adaptive filtering and symmetric differential energy spectrum is proposed.Firstly,an adaptive high-pass filtering algorithm is designed.In the filtering process,the weighted kurtosis index is used as the iterative optimization condition,avoiding the disadvantage that the settings of cut-off frequency band only rely on prior knowledge.Secondly,on the basis of the traditional Teager energy operator(TEO),the Hilbert transform method and the symmetric differential derivation method are introduced to demodulate the filtered signal to obtain the energy spectrum.【Result】In the simulation and engineering experiments,the method weakens the background noise in the vibration signal,makes the fault impact more prominent,and correctly identifies the bearing outer race fault,inner race fault and rolling fault.【Conclusion】The weighted kurtosis adaptive filtering method has the advantages of low algorithm complexity and short running time,and the symmetric differential energy spectrum can effectively improve the energy ratio of the fault impact signal.This method can accurately diagnose the ship propulsion shafting bearing fault.

关 键 词：船舶推进轴系 轴承故障诊断 故障特征提升 自适应滤波 对称差分能量谱 

分 类 号：U672.7[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]