不同蜡样芽孢杆菌对玉米籽粒中黄曲霉毒素B1、玉米赤霉烯酮和呕吐毒素脱毒效果及营养成分评价  

Effect Evaluation of Different Bacillus cereus Strains on Aflatoxin B1, Zearalenone and Deoxynivalenol Degradation and Nutrient Contents in Com Grains

作　　者：石楠 张桂杰[1] SHI Nan;ZHANG Guijie(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Ningxia Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《饲料工业》2022年第23期38-43,共6页Feed Industry

摘　　要：试验旨在评估可有效降低玉米籽粒中黄曲霉毒素B1(Aflatoxin B1,AFB1)、玉米赤霉烯酮(Zearalenone,ZEN)和呕吐毒素(Deoxynivalenol,DON)含量的优良菌株。试验以霉菌毒素超标的玉米籽粒作为脱毒材料,设置4个处理组:CK(对照组);TD-1蜡样芽孢杆菌处理组(1%、5%、10%);TD-2蜡样芽孢杆菌处理组(1%、5%、10%);TD-3蜡样芽孢杆菌处理组(1%、5%、10%)。在玉米籽粒发酵后48 h进行取样,测定AFB1、DON和ZEN含量及营养成分。结果表明:TD-1蜡样芽孢杆菌对AFB1、DON和ZEN脱毒效果最优。添加5%的TD-1蜡样芽孢杆菌对玉米籽粒中AFB1和DON脱毒率分别为67.59%和73.03%;添加10%的TD-1蜡样芽孢杆菌菌液发酵48 h后,对ZEN脱毒率可达65.71%;添加蜡样芽孢杆菌菌液会降低玉米籽粒可溶性碳水化合物(Water soluble carbohydrate,WSC)含量,对其他营养成分无显著影响(P>0.05)。The purpose of this experiment was to screen proper strains that could effectively degrade Aflatoxin B1(AFB1), Zearalenone(ZEN) and Vomitoxin(DON) in corn grains. In this study, corn grains with excess mycotoxins were taken as the toxin removal target, and the experiment was designed into four groups:(1) CK(control group);(2) TD-1 Bacillus cereus(1%, 5%, 10%);(3) TD-2(1%, 5%, 10%);(4)TD-3 Bacillus cereus(1%, 5%, 10%). Samples were taken after 48 hours of fermentation to determine the contents of AFB1, DON, ZEN and nutrients in corn grains and calculate the degradation rates of mycotoxins. The results showed that Bacillus cereus TD-1 had the best degradation effect on AFB1, DON and ZEN after 48 hours of aerobic fermentation. The greatest degradation rates of AFB1 and DON in corn grains were 67.59% and 73.03% with the addition of 5% TD-1 Bacillus cereus;the degradation rate of ZEN was up to 65.71% with the addition of 10% TD-1 Bacillus cereus. Bacillus cereus could decrease the water soluble carbohydrate, but had no significant effect on the other nutrients.

关 键 词：蜡样芽孢杆菌 玉米籽粒 黄曲霉毒素B1 玉米赤霉烯酮 呕吐毒素 

分 类 号：S816.11[农业科学—饲料科学]