抽动障碍儿童心理行为问题及相关因素研究  

Psychological and behavioral problems and associated factors in children with tic disorders

作　　者：沈玥赤 苏堂枫 肖沛 宋然然[2] 徐三清 SHEN Yuechi;SU Tangfeng;XIAO Pei;SONG Ranran;XU Sanqing(Department of Pediatrics,Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan(430030),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院儿科,湖北武汉430030 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2022年第10期1535-1538,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81804188)。

摘　　要：目的研究抽动障碍儿童的心理行为问题及相关因素,为合理干预治疗提供依据。方法采用病例对照研究方法,选择2020年6月至2021年6月华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院儿科神经门诊就诊的69名抽动障碍(TD)儿童作为病例组,并按性别与年龄匹配同期69名非TD的正常儿童作为对照组,通过填写一般情况调查表、儿童焦虑性情绪筛查量表41项(SCARED-41)、长处和困难问卷(SDQ-25)及儿童抑郁量表10项(CDI-10)等,分析TD儿童的心理行为问题及相关因素。结果TD组与对照儿童组SCARED-41总分、SDQ-25总分及SDQ-25困难部分、CDI-10总分分别为(22.1±12.5,13.3±12.3)(21.1±6.0,15.9±3.4)(15.6±6.3,9.3±3.6)(3.7±2.9,2.6±2.9)分,差异有统计学意义(t/Z值分别为3.8,13.9,6.9,-2.6,P值均<0.05)。对TD组儿童的多重线性回归分析显示,母亲学历大学本科对SDQ-25情绪症状、大学专科对SDQ-25亲社会行为(B值分别为-2.20,2.14),父母管教态度宽松对SCARED-41广泛性焦虑、担心对SDQ-25多动(B值分别为-7.44,3.00),电子设备使用时长对SCARED-41躯体化/惊恐、学校恐怖和SDQ-25品行问题(B值分别为0.49,0.30,0.20)及运动强度小强度对CDI-10(B=-0.15)等量表得分影响有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论TD儿童容易出现焦虑/抑郁情绪及行为问题,并与母亲学历、父母管教态度、电子设备使用时长及运动强度等因素相关。Objective To study the psychological and behavioral problems of children with tic disorders(TD),and to identify related influencing factors for effective medical intervention strategies.Methods From June 2020 to June 2021,69 children with TD were randomly selected as the case group in the pediatric neurologic clinic,while the control group included 69 healthy children who were matched by gender and age.The data were obtained through general questionnaire,Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders-41(SCARED-41),Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire-25(SDQ-25)and the Children’s Depression Inventory-Short Form(CDI-10),while psychological and behavioral problems and their related risk factors were analyzed.Results The total scores of SCARED-41,SDQ-25 and its difficulties scale,and CDI-10 were(22.1±12.5,13.3±12.3)(21.1±6.0,15.9±3.4)(15.6±6.3,9.3±3.6)(3.7±2.9,2.6±2.9)in the TD and control group respectively,with significant differences(t/Z=3.8,13.9,6.9,-2.6,P<0.05).According to multiple linear regression of children in the TD group,statistically significant effects of maternal bachelor degree on SDQ-25 emotional symptoms,associate degree on SDQ-25 prosocial behavior(B=-2.20,2.14),lenient parenting attitude on SCARED-41 general anxiety,worry on SDQ-25 hyperactivity(B=-7.44,3.00),time spent on electronic devices on SCARED-41 somatic/panic,school phobia and SDQ-25 conduct problems(B=0.49,0.30,0.20)and exercise intensity of small intensity on CDI-10(B=-0.15)were observed(P<0.05).Conclusion Children with TD are prone to emotional disturbances such as anxiety,depression and behavioral problems,all of which are related to their mothers’educational background,parents’attitude towards discipline,the duration of electronic device use and exercise intensity.

关 键 词：精神卫生 行为 回归分析 儿童 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] R179[哲学宗教—心理学] R748[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]