退耕还林还草背景下陕北地区生态系统服务动态及热点识别  

Ecosystem Service Dynamics and Hotspot Identification under the Background of Grain to Green Program in Northern Shaanxi

作　　者：王芸 赵鹏祥[3] 李治国 夏冰[5] 高健洲 马鹏宇 WANG Yun;ZHAO Pengxiang;LI Zhiguo;XIA Bing;GAO Jianzhou;MA Pengyu(Dean′s Office,Hebei Open University,Shijiazhuang 050080,China;Department of Agriculture and Forestry Medicine Teaching,The Open University of China,Beijing 100039,China;Forestry Institute,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Hebei Bojia Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,Shijiazhuang 050000,China;School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Department of Environmental Art and Engineering,Henan Polytechnic,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Beijing Tech and Ecology&Environment Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]河北开放大学教务处,河北石家庄050080 [2]国家开放大学农林医药教学部,北京100039 [3]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [4]河北博嘉农业有限公司,河北石家庄050000 [5]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083 [6]河南职业技术学院环境艺术工程学院,河南郑州450046 [7]北京铁汉生态环境科学研究院有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《华北水利水电大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期92-100,共9页Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0600203);河北省社科基金项目(HB17JY030)。

摘　　要：了解退耕还林还草背景下生态系统服务动态和多种生态系统服务提供的热点区域,对于实现可持续的生态系统服务管理至关重要。陕北地区是退耕还林还草工程实施的关键区域之一,结合土地利用转移矩阵,分析了该地区2000—2015年土地利用类型的变化,结合多种模型量化了该地区生态系统服务及其权衡与协同关系,识别出该地区可同时提供多种生态系统服务的热点区域。结果表明:陕北地区的土地利用主要呈现出耕地减少且转换为草地和林地的变化特征;产水量、植被净初级生产力和土壤保持量在空间上总体呈现出自南向北递减的格局,粮食产量的空间分布因耕地分布分散而比较分散;2000—2015年,产水量、粮食产量和植被净初级生产力呈现出增加趋势,而土壤保持量呈现出减少趋势;2000年所有生态系统服务关系之间的协同作用在2015年出现衰减甚至逆转为权衡作用;研究区自南向北呈现出4类热点区域向无热点区域逐渐过渡的空间格局,表现为4类、3类和无热点区域的面积缩小,2类和1类热点区域面积增加的变化特征。Understanding the ecosystem service dynamics and the hotspot areas provided by various ecosystem services under the background of grain to green program is crucial to achieving sustainable ecosystem service management.Northern Shaanxi is one of the key areas for the implementation of grain to green program.We analyzed the changes of land use types in the region from 2000 to 2015 based on the land use transfer matrix,and combined multiple models to quantify the regional ecosystem services and their trade-offs and synergies.Then,the hotspots in the region that can provide multiple ecosystem services at the same time were identified.The results showed that the main change characteristics of land use were that cultivated land decreased and was converted to grassland and forest land.Water yield,net primary productivity and soil retention showed a spatial pattern of decreasing from south to north in space.The spatial distribution of grain yield was relatively scattered due to the distribution characteristics of cultivated land.From 2000 to 2015,water yield,grain yield and net primary productivity showed an increasing trend,while soil retention showed a decreasing trend.The synergistic effect among all ecosystem service pairs in 2000 decreased or even reversed into a trade-off effect in 2015.The study area presented a spatial pattern of gradual transition from the hotspots of type 4 to type 0 from south to north,which was characterized by the temporal change of the areas of type 4,type 3,and type 0 decreasing,and the areas of type 2 and type 1 increasing.

关 键 词：退耕还林还草 陕北地区 土地利用 生态系统服务 权衡与协同 热点区域 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]