土壤中纳米颗粒的生物效应研究进展  

Research progress on the biological effects of nanoparticles in soil

作　　者：张萌 罗雅琪 段天欣 李威[1,2] 程虎 李萍萍 韩建刚[1,2] ZHANG Meng;LUO Yaqi;DUAN Tianxin;LI Wei;CHENG Hu;LI Pingping;HAN Jiangang(Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,College of Biology and the Environment,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing,210037,China;National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province,Hongze,223100,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,生物与环境学院,南京210037 [2]江苏省洪泽湖湿地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,洪泽223100

出　　处：《环境化学》2022年第11期3613-3628,共16页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42177387,32171628);中国博士后科学基金(2020M671507);江苏省博士后科研资助计划(2021K213B)资助。

摘　　要：纳米材料广泛应用于诸多行业,不可避免地导致大量纳米颗粒被排放到环境中.已有许多研究评估了纳米颗粒的生态环境效应和人体健康风险.然而,土壤中纳米颗粒对生物潜在的生态危害和风险仍不明确.重要的是,土壤生物通常同时暴露于纳米颗粒和其他污染物,如重金属和有机污染物.现有文献对真实土壤环境中纳米颗粒与共存有机污染物之间复杂的相互作用及相关生物效应的研究非常有限.本文综述了土壤中纳米颗粒的生物有效性和毒性,特别是纳米颗粒与微生物、植物和蚯蚓等不同生物的相互作用.此外,从不同生物响应水平上探讨了纳米颗粒释放对共存有机污染物生物有效性的影响.最后总结了目前纳米颗粒的生物效应与毒性研究中的不足,后续研究应重点关注纳米颗粒与污染物共暴露的复合毒性效应.Widespread applications in various industries will inevitably result in the release of a substantial amount of nanoparticles(NPs)into the environment.Much research has been conducted to assess their health and environmental impacts.However,the potential ecological damages and risks of NPs for soil biota remain largely unclear.Importantly,soil organisms are generally coexposed to both nanoparticles and additional contaminants,such as heavy metal and organic pollutants(OPs).The existing literature on the complex interactions of nanoparticles with co-existing OPs in real soil environment and the associated biological effects is rather limited.This paper presents an overview on the bioavailability and toxicity of NPs in the soil,and in particular,on their interactions with different organisms,such as microorganisms,plants and earthworms.Moreover,the effects of NPs release on the bioavailability of coexisting OPs to soil biota are also discussed at different level.The deficiencies of existing research on evaluating the biological effects and toxicity of NPs as well as the needs for future research on the joint toxicity of NPs-contaminant co-exposure are summarized.

关 键 词：纳米颗粒 生物毒性 有机污染物 生物有效性 土壤. 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]