20世纪50年代中国与巴基斯坦关系的实践与启示——以1956年中巴两国总理互访为例  

On the Practices and Enlightenment of Chinas Promotion for Developments of China-Pakistan Relations in the mid of 1950,s Reviews Centered on Chinese and Pakistan Premiers Exchange Visits in 1956

作　　者：李潜虞[1] Li Qianyu

机构地区：[1]外交学院外交学与外事管理系

出　　处：《南亚研究季刊》2022年第4期39-56,156,157,共20页South Asian Studies Quarterly

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“冷战时期中国对亚非国家统一战线政策研究”(18BDJ069)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：自1951年5月中国与巴基斯坦建交以来,两国关系发展并不顺畅,原因主要在于巴基斯坦加入了东南亚条约组织和巴格达条约组织这两个由西方国家主导的反华军事同盟。尽管如此,中国仍按照建立国际和平统一战线的原则发展与巴基斯坦的睦邻关系。1956年10月,巴基斯坦总理苏拉瓦底访问中国;同年12月,中国总理周恩来访问巴基斯坦。在访问中周恩来反复强调中国需要和平的国际环境进行国内建设;中方将不介入克什米尔问题。中巴两国总理的互访成为中巴关系逐渐改善的开端,也成为新中国外交史上的重要实践,并对其后及当前中巴战略伙伴关系的发展具有重要的启示意义。Since the establishment ofdiplomatic relations between China and Pakistan,the bilateral relations of the two countries had not developed smoothly. The main reason was Pakistan joined Southeast Asia Treaty Organization( SEATO) and Baghdad Pact, the two military alliance systems dominated by Western Powers.Confronted with the difficult situation, based on the spirit of seeking common ground while reserving differences, China dedicated to develop good-neighboring relations with Pakistan. On October, 1956, Pakistan Premier Suhrawardy visited China. During his trip, Chinese leaders expressed understanding to Pakistan’s decision to join SEATO and Baghdad Pact, reiterated that China would never carry out external expansions. On December, 1956, Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai visited Pakistan. During his trip, Zhou repeatedly stressed that China needed a peaceful international environment for economic construction. For the issue of Kashmir, on one hand, China adopted a policy of non-intervention, on the other hand, China sincerely hoped that Pakistan and India could solve the problem through a peaceful consultation, and be aware of imperialist countries’ provocations. The history of China-Pakistan Relations in 1950’s brought some enlightenments on China’s diplomatic strategy and thoughts: The importance of China-Pakistan relations must be viewed from the perspective of breaking through the U. S. blockade and ensuring the geopolitical security in Southwest of China;we must be good at finding and expanding the common interests between China and Pakistan, and constantly inject new impetus into the development of bilateral relations;We must carefully handle the external factors that affect the development of China Pakistan relations, namely, the US Pakistan relations and the Kashmir issue;the development of China ’ s relations with neighboring countries, including Pakistan, must be based on innovations of diplomatic theories.

关 键 词：中巴关系 冷战 国际和平统一战线 地缘政治安全 外交理论创新 

分 类 号：D829.353[政治法律—政治学]