论起诉裁量权的适用范围与程序规制  

On the Applicable Scope and Procedural Regulation of Discretionary Power of Prosecution

作　　者：孙远 史达 Sun Yuan;Shi Da

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学法学院

出　　处：《法治社会》2022年第6期25-35,共11页Law-Based Society

摘　　要：起诉裁量权是指对于已达法定起诉条件的案件,基于合目的性的考量后作出不起诉处分的权力,在我国主要指《刑事诉讼法》第177条第2款规定的酌定不起诉。对该条文中“犯罪情节轻微”的实质把握有助于适度扩大起诉裁量权的范围,但须构建严密防线以防止滥权追诉及滥权不追诉。既要通过检察首长的指令权从内部制约,又要采取公开审查、法院审查等手段进行外部监督,还可以赋予检察官“起诉必要性”的证明责任以促使其谨慎行使起诉权,并建立相应的惩罚机制以规制其违法不起诉。The discretionary power of prosecution refers to the right of non-prosecution for cases that have reached the legal conditions for prosecution based on justified causes.In China,it mainly refers to the discretionary non-prosecution stipulated in paragraph 2 of Article 177 of the Criminal Procedure Law.To grasp the essence of“minor offence”in this provision is helpful to appropriately expand the scope of prosecution discretion,but it is necessary to build a strict defense line to prevent the abuse of discretionary power of prosecution.It should not only be restricted from the inside by the command power of the head of the procurator,but also should be externally supervised by all means of public review and court review.It can also be endowed with the burden of proof of“prosecution necessity”to urge the procurator to execute the prosecution power cautiously,and establish the corresponding punishment mechanism to regulate the violation of law and abusing of power.

关 键 词：起诉裁量权 酌定不起诉 犯罪情节轻微 程序规制 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]