耐低温玉米秸秆降解菌群的优化及其效果  

Optimization of low temperature resistant corn stalk degrading bacterial community and its effect

作　　者：王一然 康志超 朱国鹏 王洋 其格其 于洪文[1] WANG Yiran;KANG Zhichao;ZHU Guopeng;WANG Yang;QI Geqi;YU Hongwen(Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China;School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Changchun University of Science and Technology,Changchun 130022,China;Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau of Hinggan League,Hinggan 137400,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102 [2]长春理工大学化学与环境工程学院,吉林长春130022 [3]兴安盟农牧局兴安盟农牧科学研究所,内蒙古兴安137400

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2022年第12期2720-2727,共8页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程专项(XDA28010502);中国科学院科研仪器设备研制项目(YJKYYQ20200013);吉林省科技发展计划(20210203007SF)。

摘　　要：为适应中国东北地区年平均气温低、冻融频繁的气候特点,优化构建能在低温环境下高效降解秸秆的菌群,通过宏基因组测序分析原始耐低温秸秆降解菌群JZ5中鞘氨醇杆菌(Sphingobacter)、节杆菌(Arthrobacter)、黄杆菌(Flavobacterium)、地杆菌(Geobacter)、代尔夫特菌(Delfteia)和鞘氨醇单胞菌(Sphingosphinomonas)共6个菌属间的相关性,简化原始菌群JZ5组成。结果表明,优化后的菌群CJZ1、CJZ2在15℃培养12 d后,pH值相较初始值分别提高0.76和0.66,秸秆降解率较原始菌群分别提高0.47和0.25百分点,差异不显著;同时,CJZ1、CJZ2的漆酶、木质素过氧化物酶活性峰值显著下降,但纤维素酶活性峰值分别提高43.66%、37.99%,半纤维素酶活性峰值分别提高21.40%、12.91%,说明优化后的菌群玉米秸秆降解潜力显著升高。试验结果可为菌群的优化构建提供新的思路,并为低温环境下秸秆的高效降解提供优质菌群。In order to adapt to the climate characteristics of low average annual temperature and frequent freezing and thawing in northeast China,this study optimized the construction of microbial community which could efficiently degrade straw in low temperature environment.The metagenomic sequencing technology was employed for correlation analysis of six bacterial genera(Sphingobacter,Arthrobacter,Flavobacterium,Geobacter,Delfteia and Sphingosphinomonas)in JZ5,an original frigostable straw degrading bacterial community.Besides,the composition of the original community JZ5 was simplified.The results showed that after 12 d of culture at 15℃,pH value of optimized community CJZ1 and CJZ2 increased by 0.76 and 0.66 compared with the initial value,respectively,and the degradation rate of straw increased by 0.47 and 0.25 percentage point compared with the original community,respectively,with no significant difference.In addition,the active peak of laccase and lignin peroxidase significantly decreased,while cellulase activity increased by 43.66%and 37.99%,hemicellulase activity increase by 21.40%and 12.91%,respectively in CJZ1 and CJZ2.The results could provide a new idea for the optimization of bacterial community,and a high quality bacterial community for the efficient degradation of straw at low temperature.

关 键 词：低温 秸秆 菌群 降解率 木质素过氧化物酶 纤维素酶 半纤维素酶 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学] X712[农业科学—农业基础科学]