草地贪夜蛾为害玉米叶片程度的分级法及其在田间药效评价中的应用效果  

Classification methods of the damaged maize plant leaves by fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda and its performance in the control efficacy assessment of insecticides in the field

作　　者：黄建荣[1] 王根松[1] 田彩红[1] 李松科 张永军[3] 李国平[1] 封洪强[1] Huang Jianrong;Wang Gensong;Tian Caihong;Li Songke;Zhang Yongjun;Li Guoping;Feng Hongqiang(Entomological Radar Station Zero of Henan Province for Field Scientific Observation and Research,International Joint Research Laboratory for Crop Protection of Henan,Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control,Institute of Plant Protection,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan Province,China;Xinxiang Experimental Base Center,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang 453732,Henan Province,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,河南省农作物病虫害防治重点实验室,河南省作物保护国际联合实验室,河南省0号昆虫雷达野外科学观测研究站,郑州450002 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所新乡科研中试基地,河南新乡453732 [3]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2022年第5期1482-1492,共11页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1400702);河南省重大科技专项(201300111500);河南省农业科学院创新团队(2021TD14),河南省农业科学院基础性科研工作(2022JC14)。

摘　　要：为有效评价草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda的田间为害水平,采用5级法调查草地贪夜蛾在玉米植株上的为害程度,应用一元线性回归法分析5级法与其他分级法评估结果之间的关系,并评估该方法在田间药效评价试验中的应用效果。结果显示,采用叶片5级法与Williams 9级法评估的虫情指数之间、植株5级法与Davis 9级法评估的受害等级之间以及叶片5级法评估的虫情指数与植株5级法评估的受害等级之间均存在极显著线性关系,表明5级法可用于田间草地贪夜蛾为害水平的评价。植株受害程度较低时草地贪夜蛾低龄幼虫的出现频次较高,植株受害程度高时高龄幼虫的出现频次较高。不管是在未施药小区还是施药小区,采用叶片5级法调查的小区玉米倒一叶和倒二叶的平均受害等级及基于上部4片叶片的平均虫情指数均与小区总虫量之间存在显著线性关系,采用植株5级法调查的小区玉米植株整体平均受害等级与小区总虫量之间存在极显著线性关系。基于5级法调查的玉米倒一叶、倒二叶、植株整体平均受害等级推算的农药田间防治效果与基于虫量法推算的防治效果接近,说明5级法能用于评价农药的田间防治效果。In order to simply assess the damage levels of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda in the field, this study investigated the damage severity of maize plants using the five-scale method and analyzed the relationship between the damage severities based on the five-scale method and those based on other classification methods by using linear regression analysis, and evaluated the performance of the five-scale method in the control efficacy assessment of insecticides in the field. The results showed that there was an extremely significant linear relationship between the pest severity index(PSI) calculated based on the five-scale damage of leaves and the PSI values based on Williams’ s nine-scale damage of leaves, between the damage severity based on the five-scale damages of the plant and that based on Davis’ s nine-scale method, and between the PSI values based on the five-scale damage of leaves and those based on the five-scale damage of the plant. A lower scale of plant damage intensity co-occurred more frequently with lower instars of S. frugiperda, while a higher scale of plant damage intensity co-occurred more frequently with older instars of S. frugiperda. No matter whether insecticides were applied or not, there was a significant linear relationship between the average damage severity of the first leaf from top and the second leaf from top or the top four leaves based on the five-scale method and the total number of S. frugiperda larvae in the plot, and there was an extremely significant linear relationship between the average damage severity of the plant based on the five-scale method and the total number of S. frugiperda larvae in the plot. The control efficacy of insecticides assessed based on the five-scale method for the first leaf from top, the second leaf from top or the whole plant was similar to the results based on the pest-number method, which could be used to assess the efficacy of insecticide in the field.These results indicated that the five-scale method could be used to assess the damage lev

关 键 词：草地贪夜蛾 玉米 受害程度 5级法 田间药效 

分 类 号：S435.132[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]