次话题易位及相关问题  

The dislocation of subtopics and related issues

作　　者：陈满华[1] CHEN Manhua

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学文学院,北京

出　　处：《中国语文》2022年第6期684-699,767,共17页Studies of the Chinese Language

摘　　要：本文考察“话题-说明”旬中次话题易位现象,总结了次话题易位的规律和特点,指出:次话题可以易位,且有一定的规律;主、次话题通常不能同时易位,但有例外。在多重话题句(含次话题)中,两个话题一起后移的情况很受限,三个及以上的不能同时易位。本项次话题研究也揭示了一般易位句的本质和若干特点:易位是对前置部分的语义补充,而非纠误;易位句有急速型,也有舒缓型,前者无停顿,轻读,后者有停顿,不一定轻读;后移成分不宜过于复杂;影响易位的因素涉及句法、语音、语用和语义。本文从一个特定方面检验了汉语式的递归性层次结构源自扁平结构,是并置结构的派生形式。Focusing on the dislocation of subtopics in topic-comment sentences,this paper analyzes its rules and features and suggests that:A subtopic can be dislocated abiding by certain rules but the main topic and the subtopic cannot be dislocated simultaneously with a few exceptions.In sentences with multiple topics,two topics can be dislocated at the same time but there are strict constraints;Three and more topies cannot all be dislocated.The research also observes that:Topic dislocation functions as semantie supplementaion rather than correction to the preceding elements;Some sentences may contain pause and even stress after the dislocation while others don't;The element dislocated cannot be too complicated;Factors like syntactie,phonemic,pragmatic and semantic factors may affeet the dislocation of subtopics.The recursive hierarchy in Chinese as a derivant of juxtapositional structure is also discussed.

关 键 词：“话题-说明”句 话题 次话题 易位 扁平化 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]