不同桑品种桑葚质构特征比较  

Texture Comparison of Different Mulberry Cultivars

作　　者：王彬彬 李娜 贾漫丽[1,2] 范伟 陈秀灵[1,2] 卢锴锋 李季生 孟庆伟 WANG Binbin;LI Na;JIA Manli;FAN Wei;CHEN Xiuling;LU Kaifeng;LI Jisheng;MENG Qingwei(Hebei Universities Technology R&D Center for Sericulture and Specialty Enabling Technologies;Sericultural Research Institute,Chengde Medical University,Chengde Hebei 067000,China;Kuancheng Manchu Autonomous County Bureau of Forestry and Grassland,Chengde Hebei 067699,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省高校特产蚕桑应用技术研发中心 [2]承德医学院蚕业研究所,河北承德067000 [3]宽城满族自治县林业和草原局,河北承德067699

出　　处：《北方蚕业》2022年第4期14-21,共8页North Sericulture

基　　金：河北省科技厅“技术创新引导专项—科技工作会商”项目;河北省科技厅课题(20326336D);河北省“三三三”人才工程资助项目(A201903008);承德医学院国家自然科学基金项目培育基金(201910);承德医学院基本科研业务费项目(KY2021021)。

摘　　要：为更好地说明不同品种桑葚在质构特征上的差异,本研究选取了16个果桑品种,测定了桑葚单果重、果形指数、果实颜色(L^(*)、a^(*)、b^(*))及可溶性固形物(Total soluble solid,TSS),并对桑葚进行了质构剖面(TPA)和形态指标的分析。在不同品种桑葚形态指标中,XZZ(新杖子)和PG-20(育24号)的单果重、果实纵径、果实横径及果形指数最高,PG-23(汤泉6号)最低。不同样品的TPA质构存在显著性差异(P<0.05),其中PA-7(凤桑1号)、AS(冀果501)以及XZZ三个样品具有较高的硬度和胶弹性的质构特点,而PG-23和PC-26(山桑)质地较柔软。多元相关分析结果显示,弹性、咀嚼性与单果重、果实纵径、果实横径间呈显著正相关(P<0.05),单果重与弹性间呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),胶黏性与果实纵径间呈显著正相关(P<0.05),但桑葚TPA质构参数与果实颜色和TSS相关性均未达到显著水平。双向聚类分析结果显示,不同品种桑葚聚为5类,指标聚为3类。综合指标聚类结果和标准化数据的热图分析,PG-20、PA-7和3种育种材料AS、XZZ、W45(物45)表现出与其他样品不同的质地特性。In order to investigate the texture difference of 16 mulberry cultivars, texture profile analysis(TPA) using texture analyzer and morphological index of mulberry were conducted. The single fruit weight, fruit shape index, color(L^(*)、a^(*)、b^(*)) and total soluble solid(TSS) content were also determined. Results showed that among the morphological indexes of different mulberry varieties, XZZ and PG-20 had the highest single fruit weight, fruit longitudinal diameter, fruit transverse diameter and fruit shape index, and the lowest was PG-23. Some samples displayed as outliers in boxplots and there were significant differences(P<0.05) on the texture parameters among the samples. The three samples of PA-7, AS and XZZ had the texture characteristics of higher hardness and rubber elasticity, while PG-23 and PC-26 were softer. Multiple correlation analysis showed the elasticity and chewiness positively correlated with single fruit weight, fruit longitudinal diameter, and fruit transverse diameter(P<0.05). There was a significantly positive correlation between single fruit weight and elasticity(P<0.01), while gumminess and fruit longitudinal diameter was of significant positive correlation(P<0.05), but there were no significant correlations among the TPA texture parameters with fruit surface color and TSS. Moreover, 5 sample groups and 3 parameter class were clustered using two-way cluster analysis(CA). From the heatmap of the normalized data and the cluster results, PG-20, PA-7 and 3 breeding materials(AS, XZZ, W45) showed different texture characteristics from other cultivars.

关 键 词：桑葚 质构 相关性分析 聚类分析 品种差异 

分 类 号：S888.4[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]