脑梗死患者营养不良的影响因素分析  

Analysis of influencing factors of malnutrition in patients with cerebral infarction

作　　者：屈海宏[1] 吴斌[2] 李海娜 刘洋[1] QU Hai-hong;WU Bin;LI Hai-na;LIU Yang(Department of Neurological Rehabilitation,People's Hospital of Tangshan City,Tangshan,Hebei,063001,China)

机构地区：[1]唐山市人民医院神经康复科,河北唐山063001 [2]唐山市人民医院神经内一科,河北唐山063001

出　　处：《心血管康复医学杂志》2022年第6期671-675,共5页Chinese Journal of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Medicine

基　　金：河北省医学科学研究课题(20200166)。

摘　　要：目的:分析脑梗死患者营养不良的影响因素。方法:依据是否发生营养不良,于我院治疗的296例脑梗死患者被分为营养不良组(75例)和营养正常组(221例)。比较两组一般临床资料,分析脑梗死患者营养不良的影响因素。结果:296例脑梗死患者中,营养风险比例为61.15%。与营养正常组比较,营养不良组年龄≥65岁比例,合并慢性疾病、感染比例,吞咽困难、流质饮食比例,美国国立卫生研究院卒中评分量表(NIHSS)评分均显著升高,Barthel指数(BI)、白蛋白水平均显著降低(P<0.05或<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥65岁、合并感染、NIHSS评分、吞咽困难、流质饮食为脑梗死患者营养不良的独立危险因素(OR=1.248~3.163,P<0.05或<0.01),BI、白蛋白为其独立保护因素(OR=0.912、0.875,P均<0.01)。结论:脑梗死患者营养状况较差,营养风险发生率高,临床上应当关注营养风险和保护因素,有针对性地予以干预。Objective:To analyze influencing factors of malnutrition in patients with cerebral infarction(CI).Methods:According to occurrence or not,a total of 296 CI patients treated in our hospital were divided into malnutrition group(n=75)and normal nutrition group(n=221).General clinical data were compared between two groups,and influencing factors of malnutrition in CI patients were analyzed.Results:Among the 296 CI patients,percentage of nutritional risk was 61.15%.Compared with normal nutrition group,there were significant rise in percentages of age≥65 years old,complicated chronic diseases,infection,dysphagia and fluid diet and United states national institutes of health stroke scale(NIHSS)score,and significant reductions in Barthel index(BI)and albumin level in malnutrition group(P<0.05 or<0.01).Multifactor Logistic regression analysis indicated that age≥65 years old,complicated infection,NIHSS score,dysphagia,fluid diet were independent risk factors for malnutrition in CI patients(OR=1.248~3.163,P<0.05 or<0.01),and BI and albumin were its independent protective factors(OR=0.912,0.875,P<0.01 both).Conclusion:Nutritional status is poor and incidence rate of nutritional risk is high in CI patients.Physicians should pay attention to its risk and protective factors,and perform intervention purposefully in CI patients.

关 键 词：脑梗死 营养不良 危险因素 

分 类 号：R743.330.9[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]