六轴宽轨电力机车一系减振器开阀点研究  

Research on Valve Opening Point of Shock Absorber for Six-axle Wide-gauge Locomotive Exported to Belarus

作　　者：章新[1] 武晨晨 史青录[1] 梁永刚 李幸人 ZHANG Xin;WU Chen-chen;SHI Qing-lu;LIANG Yong-gang;LI Xing-ren(School of Mechanical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Technology Center of CRRC Datong Electric Locomotive Co.,Ltd.,Shanxi Datong 037038,China)

机构地区：[1]太原科技大学机械工程学院,太原030024 [2]中车大同电力机车有限公司技术中心,山西大同037038

出　　处：《太原科技大学学报》2022年第6期525-530,共6页Journal of Taiyuan University of Science and Technology

基　　金：山西省科技重大专项(20181102016)。

摘　　要：利用SIMPACK软件建立了共计90个自由度的机车动力学模型,针对一系减振器开阀点特性进行了研究。在AAR5级轨道谱的激励下,分析减振器的两级开阀速度、阻尼力,对平稳性及轮轨垂向动作用力的影响。结果表明初次开阀前,阻尼系数的增大会使垂向平稳性得到改善,但会使轮轨垂向力随之增加;第二级开阀速度、阻尼力对机车垂向动力学性能影响较小。综合考虑后重新匹配减振器各段开阀速度及阻尼力,在最大运用车速120 km/h时,前司机室Sperling指标相比原阻尼模型减小8.6%,垂向加速度减小9.95%;相比传统线性阻尼模型垂向Sperling指标减小11.9%,垂向加速度减小18.2%.可为1520 mm宽轨机车一系减振器的开阀点匹配设计提供理论依据和方法。SIMPACK software is used to establish a locomotive dynamic model with a total of 90 degrees of freedom,and studies the characteristics of the valve opening point of a series of shock absorbers.Under the excitation of the AAR5 track spectrum,the impact of the two-stage valve opening speed and damping force of the shock absorber on the stability and the vertical movement force of the wheel and rail is analyzed.The results show that before the first valve opening,the increase of the damping coefficient will improve the vertical stability,but will also increase the wheel-rail vertical force;the second-stage valve opening speed and damping force have a greater impact on the vertical dynamics of the locomotive.After comprehensive consideration,the valve opening speed and damping force of each section of the shock absorber are rematched.At the maximum operating speed of 120 km/h,the front cab sperling index is reduced by 8.6%comparing with the original damping model,and the vertical acceleration is reduced by 9.95%;Comparing with the traditional linear damping model,the vertical Sperling index is reduced by 11.9%,and the vertical acceleration is reduced by 18.2%.It can provide a theoretical basis and method for the matching design of the valve opening point of the primary shock absorber for 1520 mm wide-gauge locomotives.

关 键 词：白俄罗斯 货运六轴宽轨机车 减振器 开阀点 

分 类 号：U264.0[机械工程—车辆工程]