骨骼肌成体干细胞不对称分裂与骨骼肌疾病  

Asymmetric Division of Muscle Stem Cell in Muscular Disease

作　　者：李虎 韩婉虹 朱大海 张勇[2] LI Hu;HAN Wanhong;ZHU Dahai;ZHANG Yong(Bioland Laboratory,Guangzhou 510535,China;Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine,Beijing 100005,China)

机构地区：[1]生物岛实验室,广州510535 [2]中国医学科学院基础医学研究所,北京100005

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2022年第8期1555-1560,共6页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(批准号:32000603);国家自然科学基金面上项目(批准号:31971080)资助的课题。

摘　　要：骨骼肌是人体最大的代谢器官和分泌器官,并且具有很强的再生能力。骨骼肌成体干细胞(MuSC)在骨骼肌发育、损伤再生和稳态维持中起着不可或缺的作用。当骨骼肌受到损伤时,静息状态的MuSC会被激活,进入细胞周期,进行增殖、分化,修复损伤的肌纤维。MuSC在增殖的过程中,可以通过不对称分裂产生一个干细胞用以维持MuSC库,同时产生另外一个成肌细胞参与骨骼肌损伤修复。MuSC不对称分裂异常是导致骨骼肌疾病(杜氏肌营养不良、衰老)的原因之一。该文综述了MuSC极性建立和不对称分裂调控机制以及其对骨骼肌疾病的影响。最后,该文讨论了靶向MuSC不对称分裂以治疗骨骼肌疾病的可行性。Skeletal muscle is the largest metabolic and secretory organ of the human body,and has a strong regenerative ability.MuSCs(muscle stem cells)play an indispensable role in skeletal muscle development,regeneration and homeostasis.During muscle regeneration,MuSC is activated and re-enters the cell cycle to proliferate,differentiate,and repair the damaged fibers.MuSCs undergo a symmetric cell division to generate a stem cell and a myogenic progenitor.Abnormal asymmetric division of MuSCs is one of the causes of muscle diseases(aging,duchenne muscular dystrophy).This review will discuss the mechanisms of MuSC polarity and asymmetric division and their effects in muscle diseases.Finally,the therapeutic feasibility of targeting asymmetric division of MuSC to treat muscle diseases will be summarized.

关 键 词：骨骼肌 骨骼肌干细胞 细胞极性 不对称分裂 杜氏肌营养不良 衰老 

分 类 号：R681[医药卫生—骨科学]