精锻机关键技术研究进展  

Research progress on key technology for precision forging machine

作　　者：马鹏举[1] 兰小龙 王文杰 刘勇 田洁 Ma Pengju;Lan Xiaolong;Wang Wenje;Liu Yong;Tian Jie(School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Engineering Department,Xi'an Innovation Precision Instrument Research Institute,Xi'an 710300,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学自动化科学与电气工程学院,北京100191 [2]西安创新精密仪器研究所技术部,陕西西安710300

出　　处：《锻压技术》2022年第11期1-15,共15页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2019ZX04018001-9)。

摘　　要：精锻机广泛应用于国防、航空航天领域特殊原材料的加工,已经成为“大国重器”。介绍了精锻机主机锻造箱的最新研究成果。基于锤头运动方式的不同对主机锻造箱进行区分,并总结了其外部箱体和内部锤头的设计及优化过程。同时,对有关操作机夹头结构的研究进行了梳理。结合精锻机工作原理,分类论述了锻造过程中锤头同步运动、夹头旋转和操作机轴向进给的控制难点及解决方法。概述了精锻机整体控制系统的研究现状,并在此基础上提出了专用数控系统的设计。探究了精锻机工艺参数对锻件质量的影响,提出了采用仿真优化与实时监测相结合的方法来提高锻造效率和精度。最后,总结了精锻机设备的全面国产化研发思路,展望了精锻机的发展方向。Precision forging machine is widely used in the processing for special raw materials in the fields of national defense and aerospace and has become a “great power” gradually. Therefore, the latest research results of forging box of main engine for precision forging machine were introduced. Then, the forging box of main engine was distinguished based on the different movement modes of hammer head, and the design and optimization process of external box and internal hammer head were summarized. At the same time, the research on the collet structure of manipulator was reviewed. Furthermore, combined with the working principle of precision forging machine, the control difficulties of hammer head synchronous movement, collet rotation and axial feeding of manipulator during the forging process were discussed, and the solutions were proposed. In addition, the research status of integral control system of precision forging machine was summarized, and the design of special CNC system was put forward on this basis. The influences of process parameters for precision forging machine on forging quality were investigated, and a method combining simulation optimization and real-time monitoring was proposed to improve forging efficiency and accuracy. Finally, the overall domestic research and development ideas of precision forging machine equipment were summarized, and the development direction of precision forging machine was prospected.

关 键 词：精锻机 主机锻造箱 操作机 控制系统 径向锻造工艺 

分 类 号：TG315[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]