父母教养方式与在校医学生人格特征的关系  

Relation of parenting style with personality characteristics of medical students in university

作　　者：赵辉 蒋桂磊[3] 李明月 戴江红[2] 刘金宝 ZHAO Hui;JIANG Gui-lei;LI Ming-yue;DAI Jiang-hong;LIU Jin-bao(Xinjiang Second Medical College,Karamay 834000,Xinjiang,China;School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830054,Xinjiang,China;School of Chinese Language,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆第二医学院,新疆克拉玛依市834000 [2]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐市830054 [3]新疆农业大学中国语言学院,新疆乌鲁木齐市830011

出　　处：《广西医学》2022年第21期2516-2521,共6页Guangxi Medical Journal

基　　金：新疆克拉玛依市创新人才工程(2017RC001A-17)。

摘　　要：目的探讨父母教养方式与在校医学生人格特征的关系。方法以240名在校医学生为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表和人格量表分别调查医学生的一般情况和人格特征,采用父母教养方式问卷调查医学生父母的教养方式。分析父母教养方式与医学生人格特征的相关性。结果240名医学生人格特征分为挣扎型(40名)、中间型(136名)和自信型(64名)三类。挣扎型人格特征的医学生忧虑性、紧张性、怀疑性、独立性得分最高,而稳定性、敢为性、有恒性、自律性、活泼性、恃强性、变革性、乐群性得分相对较低;自信型人格特征的医学生各因素得分情况与挣扎型恰好相反,中间型人格特征的医学生各因素得分情况在二者之间。不同人格特征医学生的父亲情感温暖、父亲冷漠拒绝、母亲情感温暖和母亲抚养焦虑得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,父亲冷漠拒绝与忧虑性呈正相关,与稳定性、有恒性呈负相关;母亲冷漠拒绝与敏感性呈负相关,与活泼性和怀疑性呈正相关;父亲抚养焦虑与紧张性、怀疑性、变革性呈正相关;母亲抚养焦虑与忧虑性、紧张性和怀疑性呈正相关;父亲过度保护与有恒性、活泼性及怀疑性呈正相关;母亲过度保护与活泼性和怀疑性呈正相关;父亲情感温暖与忧虑性和独立性呈负相关,与敢为性、稳定性、有恒性、乐群性及活泼性呈正相关;母亲情感温暖与独立性呈负相关,与稳定性、有恒性、乐群性及活泼性呈正相关(均P<0.05)。决策树分析结果显示,若父亲情感温暖得分<19分,医学生更可能形成挣扎型人格;父亲情感温暖得分≥27分,母亲抚养焦虑得分<27分,父亲冷漠拒绝得分<14分,医学生形成自信型人格的概率为13%。结论父母教养方式对在校医学生人格方面的教育和引导具有重要的意义,家庭温暖、“慈父”形象有利于医学�Objective To explore the relation of parenting style with personality characteristics of medical students in university.Methods A total of 240 medical students in university were selected as the research subjects.The general conditions and personality characteristics of the students were investigated by the general data questionnaire and personality scale,respectively,and the parenting style of medical students was investigated by the parenting style questionnaire.The correlation of parenting style with personality characteristics of medical students was analyzed.Results The personality characteristics of 240 medical students were assigned to 3 types in terms of 40 cases in struggle type,136 cases in intermediate type,and 64 cases in confident type.The medical students with personality characteristic in struggle type had the highest scores of anxiety,tension,suspicion and independence,whereas had relatively low scores of stability,boldness,constancy,self-discipline,vividness,bullying,creativeness and gregariousness.The scores of various factors foRmedical students with personality characteristic in confidence type were opposite to those in struggle type,and the scores of various factors foRmedical students with personality characteristic in intermediate type were in between.There were statistically significant differences in the scores of father′s emotional warmth,father′s indifference and rejection,mother′s emotional warmth and mother′s raising anxiety between the medical students with different personality characteristics(all P<0.05).The results of Pearson correlation analysis revealed that father′s indifference and rejection positively correlated with anxiety,and negatively correlated with stability and constancy;mother′s indifference and rejection negatively correlated with sensitivity,and positively correlated with vividness and suspicion;father′s raising anxiety positively correlated with tension,suspicion and creativeness;mother′s raising anxiety positively correlated with anxiety,tension a

关 键 词：人格 医学生 父母教养方式 聚类分析 决策树 

分 类 号：R192.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]