勺带式马铃薯排种器种薯充种特性研究  

Study on the Filling Characteristics of the Spoon-belt Potato Seed Metering Device

作　　者：潘思奇 赵胜雪 刘崇林[1] 周东麟 刘权磊 Pan Siqi;Zhao Shengxue;Liu Chonglin;Zhou Donglin;Liu Quanlei(School of Modern Manufacturing Engineering,Heilongjiang Institute of Technology,Jixi 158100,China;Heilongjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Potato Mechanization,Daqing 163319,China;College of Engineering,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江工业学院现代制造工程学院,黑龙江鸡西158100 [2]黑龙江省马铃薯机械化工程技术研究中心,黑龙江大庆163319 [3]黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《农机化研究》2023年第4期15-21,共7页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1601905-04)。

摘　　要：马铃薯播种机在作业时排种器的充种性能是影响其作业质量的重要因素。为降低勺带式马铃薯播种机排种器的漏播率和重播率,基于离散单元法理论,以微型薯为研究对象,对勺带式排种器在工作过程中种薯在种箱内的运动状态进行仿真分析以及虚拟仿真单因素试验。结果表明:充种区种层高度是影响排种器充种性能的关键因素。此基础上,为保证充种区内种层始终保持最利于种勺充种的高度,结合种箱结构参数,设计了一种种层限位装置。为寻求最佳工作参数组合,采用三因素五水平二次旋转正交组合试验方法,以种层限位装置挡板长度、种层限位装置挡板倾斜角度和主动轮转速为试验因素,以空种率、重种率为试验指标,对排种器的性能进行台架试验。试验结果表明:加装种层限位装置的马铃薯排种器在限位装置挡板长度125mm、限位装置挡板倾斜角度57°、主动轮转速48r/min时作业性能最好,漏播率为3.29%,重播率为5.37%。The filling performance of the seed metering device during operation of the potato planter is an important factor affecting the quality of its operation.In order to reduce the missed seed rate and replay rate of the spoon-type potato planter metering device,this paper is based on the discrete element method theory,taking the mini potato as the research object,using three-dimensional modeling software and EDEM simulation software to establish seed metering The discrete element model of the microtuber and the microtuber,the simulation analysis of the movement state of the seed potato in the seed box during the working process of the scoop-type seed meter,and the virtual simulation single factor test.The simulation analysis results show that the height of the seed layer in the seed filling area is a key factor affecting the seed filling performance of the seed metering device.On this basis,in order to ensure that the seed layer in the seed filling area always maintains the height that is most conducive to the filling of the seed spoon,a seed layer limiting device is designed in combination with the structural parameters of the seed box.In order to find the best combination of working parameters,a three-factor five-level two-rotation orthogonal combination test method is adopted,and the length of the seed layer limit device baffle,the inclination angle of the seed layer limit device baffle and the rotation speed of the driving wheel are used as the test factors.The empty seed rate and the heavy seed rate are test indicators,and the performance of the seed metering device is tested on a bench.The test results show that the potato metering device equipped with the seed layer limiting device has the best operating performance when the limiting device baffle length is 125mm,the limiting device baffle inclination angle is 57°,and the driving wheel speed is 48r/min.At this time,the missed broadcast rate was 3.29%,and the replay rate was 5.37%.By comparing the test results,it can be seen that the seed metering performance

关 键 词：马铃薯 离散元 排种器 勺带式 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]