2种空间数据结构对县域尺度土壤侵蚀评价的影响  

Effects of two spatial data structures on soil erosion assessment at county scale

作　　者：李文龙 袁利[2] 魏文杰 刘卓昊 高睿瑜 牛勇[1] 赵传普 张荣华[1] LI Wenlong;YUAN Li;WEI Wenjie;LIU Zhuohao;GAO Ruiyu;NIU Yong;ZHAO Chuanpu;ZHANG Ronghua(Mountain Tai Forest Ecosystem Research Station of State Forestry Administration,College of Forestry,Shandong Agricultural University,271018,Tai′an,Shandong,China;Huaihe River Basin Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring Center of Huaihe River Water Conservancy Commission,233001,Bengbu,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]山东泰山森林生态系统国家定位研究站,山东农业大学林学院,山东泰安271018 [2]淮河水利委员会淮河流域水土保持监测中心站,安徽蚌埠233001

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2022年第6期74-82,共9页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目“基于多源信息融合的土壤侵蚀空间变异性与数字地图制图研究”(ZR2020MD023);淮河水利委员会项目“基于遥感和土壤侵蚀模型的淮河流域重点预防区水土流失监测遥感数据分析”(SB-J-2020-010)。

摘　　要：县域尺度土壤侵蚀评价多以栅格结构为计算单元,导致单个矢量地块存在多个栅格、多种侵蚀强度,较难用于以矢量地块为对象的水土流失治理和规划。以河南省汝州市为对象,采用基于栅格数据的3种方法和矢量数据的2种方法,结合CSLE模型和遥感监测,分析土壤侵蚀差异性。结果表明:1)栅格统计法用时8 min,可快速反映土壤侵蚀情况,但成图效果差,适用不需成图的县域尺度土壤侵蚀评价。2)软件判断法与栅格统计法侵蚀面积相差0.05 km 2,差异率0.01%,能准确反映土壤侵蚀情况,运算13 min,成图效果好,适合县域尺度土壤侵蚀评价及制图。3)地块评价法运算16 min,计算侵蚀面积相差64.63 km 2,差异率16.02%,且无法生成不同侵蚀强度面积,不适于县域尺度土壤侵蚀评价。4)基于矢量的2种方法侵蚀计算结果差异较大,原始矢量法和细化矢量法数据量分别为180和337 MB,运算分别用时29和45 min,成图效果好,适于地块内部相对均一的平原区土壤侵蚀评价。研究成果可为县域尺度水力侵蚀评价、水土流失动态监测成果应用提供参考。[Background]The existing county-scale soil erosion evaluation method mostly uses raster structure as the basic calculation unit,leading to multiple raster numbers and multiple erosion intensities in a single vector plot,which makes it difficult to directly apply to vector plot-based soil erosion control and planning.Therefore,studying the impact of different spatial data structures of raster and vector on soil erosion calculation and evaluation is of great significance to the dynamic monitoring of soil erosion and the application of results,and to serve soil and water conservation planning and soil erosion control.[Methods]This study used Ruzhou city,Henan province as the research area,based on two different spatial data structures of raster and vector,combined with China s soil loss equation and remote sensing monitoring,the differences in soil erosion among 5 methods were compared and analyzed.[Results]1)The raster statistics method based on raster calculation took 8 min,which quickly and accurately calculated the soil erosion area and intensity,and accurately described the erosion area and intensity of different land uses,but the mapping effect of aggregation index was bad.This method was suitable for soil erosion evaluation at county scale that did not require mapping.2)The software judgment method presented the smallest difference in calculation results,and demonstrated the best effect in drawing.Compared with the raster statistics method,the software judgment method had a difference of 0.05 km 2 in the erosion area,with a difference rate of 0.01%,and it had a small difference in the erosion area of different erosion intensity and different land use,which took 13 min.The aggregation index was 96.81%,which was good mapping effect.It is suitable for soil erosion evaluation and mapping at county level.3)The calculation time of the land parcel evaluation method was moderate,which was 16 min.But the erosion area difference was 64.63 km 2,the difference rate was 16.02%and the area of different erosion intensity ca

关 键 词：空间数据结构 栅格 矢量 CSLE模型 水力侵蚀 县域尺度 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]