浙江临海方言“(忄隺)”与“怕”的认识情态功能  

The Epstemic Function of FEAR Verbs[h??■]and[p?o■]怕in Linhai Dialect in Zhejiang Province

作　　者：卢笑予 LU Xiaoyu

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学人文和社会高等研究院,珠海

出　　处：《方言》2022年第4期462-471,共10页Dialect

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“汉语方言语法特征语料库建设”(19AYY004);北京师范大学引进人才和科研启动经费“吴语临海方言多功能语法形式的类型学研究”(111032102)的支持。

摘　　要：提要浙江临海方言惧怕义动词“■”与“怕”都可以发展为认识情态副词,但在功能、句法分布及组合关系上有同有异。“■”只表示反诘,可分布于句首、句中,但不能位于句末;“怕”既可以表示反诘也可以表示揣度,同时在句首、句中与句末都可出现。文章概括“有疑”和“无疑”两条演变路径:1)“怕”为有疑:害怕(动)→担心(动)→揣度(副)/反诘(副);2)“■”为无疑:害怕(动)→担心(动)→必然认识情态(副)。Both the FEAR verbs[h??■]and[p‘o■]怕in Linhai dialect,Zhejiang province,can develop into epistemic modality adverbs,but there are some similarities and differences between them in function,distribution and collocation.[h??■]■can only be used in interrogatives,and it can be in the sentence-initial and-middle position but by no means the sentence-final position.[p‘o■]怕can also indicate conjecture in interrogative sentences.And it can be in the initial,medieval and final positions.This paper figures out two semantic change pathways that contains the meaning of doubtful and doubtless respectively:1)[p‘o■]怕indicates doubtful:FEAR(verb)→apprehension(verb)→conjecture/counter question(adverb);2)[h??■]indicates doubtless:FEAR(verb)→apprehension(verb)→epistemic modality of certainty(adverb).

关 键 词：浙江临海方言 吴语 惧怕义动词 “■” “怕” 认识情态 

分 类 号：H173[语言文字—汉语]