磁制冷冰箱的热交换模拟与算法优化  

Heat Exchange Simul and Optimal Control of Magnetic Refrigerator

作　　者：殷佳男 李爱莲[1] 解韶峰 YIN Jianan;LI Ailian;XIE Shaofeng(School of Information Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China;Construction Department,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学信息工程学院,内蒙古包头014010 [2]内蒙古科技大学基建处,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《电工技术》2022年第22期24-26,29,共4页Electric Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号61763039)。

摘　　要：以包头稀土研究院设计的往复式磁制冷冰箱为背景,通过数值模拟计算,建立了由颗粒状磁工质密堆积填装的制冷床一维热交换模型,分析了流体速度、孔隙度和循环频率三个重要参数对磁制冷冰箱制冷效果的影响。研究结果表明,当参数值在正常范围内时,往复式磁制冷机的制冷能力与其循环频率和传热流体速度成正比,与其磁工质的孔隙度成反比。通过数值模拟分析,并考虑现场实际可调因素,选择控制往复式冰箱传热流体速度,采用模糊PID控制算法对制冷效率进行优化研究。仿真实验表明,模糊PID控制算法对磁制冷冰箱的制冷效率有一定提升,使其制冷温跨增大了约10 K,达到最大制冷温度的时间缩短了约40 s。Based on the reciprocating magnetic refrigerating refrigerator designed by Baotou Rare Earth Research Institute,a one-dimensional heat exchange model of refrigerating bed packed with granular magnetic working materials was established by numerical simulation.The effects of fluid velocity,porosity and circulation frequency on the refrigeration effect of magnetic refrigerating refrigerator were analyzed.The results show that when the parameters are in the normal range,the refrigeration capacity of the reciprocating magnetic refrigerator is directly proportional to its circulation frequency and heat transfer fluid velocity,and inversely proportional to the porosity of the magnetic working medium.Through numerical simulation analysis,and considering the actual adjustable factors in the field,the heat transfer fluid speed of reciprocating refrigerator is selected control,and the refrigeration efficiency is optimized by fuzzy PID control algorithm.The simulation results show that the fuzzy PID algorithm can improve the refrigeration efficiency of magnetic refrigerator,increase the refrigeration temperature span by about 10 K,and shorten the time to reach the maximum refrigeration temperature by about 40 s.

关 键 词：磁工质 热交换模型 数值模拟 模糊PID控制 

分 类 号：TP20[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]