热压条件及PLA添加剂对生物质板材尺寸稳定性影响研究  

Effects of hot-pressing conditions and PLA additives on dimensional stability of biomass board

作　　者：何聪 宋晓文[1] 武建新[1] 刘江[1] 苗淑静[1] 张艳锋[1] 国纪才 HE Cong;SONG Xiaowen;WU Jianxin;LIU Jiang;MIAO Shujing;ZHANG Yanfeng;GUO Jicai(School of Mechanical Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot 010051,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古工业大学机械工程学院,呼和浩特010051

出　　处：《内蒙古工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期510-515,共6页Journal of Inner Mongolia University of Technology：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：内蒙古工业大学科学研究项目(BS2021031,ZZ202102)。

摘　　要：为有效利用农作物秸秆,减小石油基-合成树脂释放甲醛气体的危害。以大豆秸秆为原材料,经碎断、浸泡、解离、成型制造可完全降解的生物质板材,探究了热压条件(施加压力、加热温度、成型时间)和添加剂聚乳酸(PLA)含量对生物质板材密度、含水率以及尺寸稳定性(吸水率、厚度膨胀率)的影响。试验结果表明:随着施加压力增大,含水率呈小幅度下降趋势,板材吸水率整体呈下降趋势、厚度膨胀率呈上升趋势;加热温度对尺寸稳定性的影响较为复杂,会造成物理和化学两方面变化,板材在140℃吸水率和厚度膨胀率最大,随着加热温度的进一步升高,板材的尺寸稳定性有了显著的提升;在140℃临界加热温度下,成型时间在1.0 h后对生物质板材尺寸稳定性没有显著影响;随着PLA含量增大,生物质板材尺寸稳定性显著提升。To effectively utilize the crop stalks and straw and reduce the hazard of formaldehyde gas emission from petroleum-based synthetic resins,soybean straw was used in this study as the raw material to manufacture fully degradable biomass boards through breaking,soaking,dissociating and molding processes.The effects of hot-pressing conditions including applied pressure,heating temperature and forming time,as well as the effects of the additive polylactic acid(PLA)content on the density,moisture content and dimensional stability which includes water absorption and thickness swelling of bio-boards were investigated.The test results show that with the increase of applied pressure,the moisture content tends to decrease slightly,the overall water absorption rate of the board tends to decrease,and the thickness expansion rate tends to increase.The effect of heating temperature on dimensional stability is more complex,causing both physical and chemical changes;the water absorption rate and thickness expansion rate of the board are the largest at 140℃,and the dimensional stability of the board improves significantly with the further increase of heating temperature.At the critical heating temperature of 140℃,the forming time after one hour does not have a significant effect on the dimensional stability of the bio-board.However,with the increase of PLA content,the dimensional stability of the bio-board is significantly enhanced.

关 键 词：生物质板材 尺寸稳定性 热压条件 PLA含量 

分 类 号：TS653.6[轻工技术与工程]