中国核桃的历史渊源、文化及发展  

The History, Culture and Development of Walnut in China

作　　者：王树芝[1] Wang Shuzhi

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所

出　　处：《农业考古》2022年第6期14-23,共10页Agricultural Archaeology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“中华文明起源进程中的古环境和人地关系研究”(项目编号:2020YFC1521605);中国社会科学院创新项目“木材考古——年代、微环境和木材利用”(项目编号:2021KGYJ020)。

摘　　要：核桃是世界著名的“四大干果”,药食同源,具有很高的营养价值和药用价值。核桃提供人类食物、医药、木材和人类赖以生存的生活环境。随着环境考古和植物考古研究的广泛开展,越来越多的考古遗址和地层中出土了核桃树木遗存,从而为我们认识核桃的悠久性和核桃的起源提供了第一手材料。核桃叶和坚果化石、核桃花粉及炭化和未炭化的核桃大植物遗存的发现和研究表明我国是核桃的一个起源地。典籍中有关核桃利用的记载表明我国有悠久的核桃栽培历史。勤劳、智慧的先辈积累了丰富的利用核桃经验,创造了灿烂的核桃文化。深入挖掘中国核桃历史文化,对核桃产业的发展,增加农民收入,建设美丽的中国新农村具有重要的现实意义。As one of the world-famous"four dry fruits",Walnut is the homology of medicine and food with high nutritional and medicinal value,which also offers human wood and the living environment.With extensive research on the archaeology of environment and plants,more and more walnut remains were excavated in archaeological sites and strata,providing us with firsthand material to learn the origin and long history of walnut.China is one of the origins of walnut,which can be shown in the discovery of walnut leaves,nut fossils,pollen and charred or non-charred remains.According to ancient codes and records about walnut utilization,China has a long history of walnut cultivation.Our smart and diligent predecessors accumulated rich experience of walnut utilization and created a splendid walnut culture.A further exploration of walnut history and culture has great practical significance to the development of walnut industry,income growth of farmers and the construction of beautiful new countryside in China.

关 键 词：核桃历史 植物遗存 树木利用 树木文化 

分 类 号：K203[历史地理—历史学]