再探合成氨平衡体系  

Equilibrium System of Synthetic Ammonia is Explored Again

作　　者：熊绍良[1] 黄琼[1] XIONG Shao-liang;HUANG Qiong(General Education Center,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学普教中心,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《广州化学》2022年第6期79-82,共4页Guangzhou Chemistry

摘　　要：恒温恒压条件下向合成氨平衡体系充入氮气,平衡移动方向不能用勒夏特列原理直接判断。通过拆分过程分步用勒夏特列原理分析时出现两种相反移动趋势,实际情况取决体系各组分的物质的量配比。从而由定性分析上升到作定量判断。发现它存在一个分界点,借助浓度商(压力商)判据,建立简化的数学模型用数形结合的思想简易直观地得到用氮气物质的量分数表达的分界点及其数值。该值为氮气占体系组分气体总物质的量二分之一。当氮气的物质的量分数在该分界点两侧改变氮气的物质的量平衡移动方向相反。运用数学工具几何画板作出浓度商(压力商)与氮气的物质的量的函数图象准确直观判断各区间平衡移动情况。When nitrogen is charged into the balance system of synthetic ammonia under constant temperature and pressure, the moving direction of balance cannot be directly judged by Le Chatelier principle. There are two opposite moving trends when analyzing with Le Chatelier’s principle step by step through the separation process.The actual situation depends on the amount and proportion of each component of the system. Thus, from qualitative analysis to quantitative judgment. It is found that there is a dividing point. With the help of the concentration quotient(pressure quotient) criterion, a simplified mathematical model is established. The dividing point and its value expressed by the quantity fraction of nitrogen are obtained simply and intuitively with the idea of the combination of number and shape. This value is that nitrogen accounts for half of the total material of the system component gas. When the quantity fraction of nitrogen material changes on both sides of the dividing point, the quantity balance of nitrogen material moves in the opposite direction. The function image of concentration quotient(pressure quotient) and the amount of nitrogen material is made by using the mathematical tool Geometric Sketchpad to accurately and intuitively judge the equilibrium movement of each interval.

关 键 词：恒温恒压 合成氨 勒夏特列原理 平衡移动方向 分界点值 

分 类 号：O642.4[理学—物理化学]