捐献者对肠菌移植伦理问题的认知态度  

Survey on Fecal Donor's Perception and Attitudes Towards Ethical Issues of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

作　　者：柯达伟 陈章然 许鸿志[3] 蓝灿辉 何剑全 马永慧[1] KE Da-wei;CHEN Zhang-ran;XU Hong-zhi(Medical Humanities and Bioethics Center,School of Medicine,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学医学院医学人文暨生命伦理学研究中心,福建厦门361102 [2]厦门大学医学院微生态研究院,福建厦门361102 [3]厦门大学附属中山医院消化内科,福建厦门361004 [4]热心肠生物技术研究院,北京100044 [5]承葛生物科技有限公司,福建厦门361115

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2022年第17期42-47,共6页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2019年国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA039)。

摘　　要：2021年8月~9月,通过三家开展肠菌移植的单位进行了电子问卷调查,旨在从捐献者的角度,探究我国文化语境下他们对于捐献肠菌的特殊感受和对相关伦理问题的认知态度。结果显示,多数捐献者(80.0%)出于利他的目的进行捐献;超半数捐献者(53.0%)认识到捐献肠菌的风险;61.0%的捐献者同意自己的样本用于未来开放的研究,且后续研究都无需再次同意;与纯粹的捐献相比,具有经济目的的捐献者更加重视肠菌的所有权(χ^(2)=5.73,P<0.05)和利益分享(χ^(2)=10.13,P<0.05)。捐献肠菌会引发污名化、隐私权等道德风险,需要提高研究人员的伦理意识,提升民众对生物科学研究的知情权与参与能力,保护公众和个体的利益不被侵犯。From August to September 2021,an electronic questionnaire survey was conducted in Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University and Chengge Biotechnology Co.,LTD.(Xiamen),aiming to explore their special feelings about fecal microbiota donation in the context of Chinese culture and their cognitive attitudes towards relevant ethical issues from the perspective of donors.The results showed that the majority of donors(80.0%)donate for altruistic purposes;more than half donors(53.0%)are aware of the risk in the act of donating;61.0%of donors agreed with their samples used for future open research,no need to re-consent when research frameworks change.Compared with the donors who did not choose to"gain additional income"as their motivation to donate,the donors who chose to"gain additional income"significantly paid more attention to the ownership of fecal microbiota(χ^(2)=5.73,P<0.05)and research benefit sharing(χ^(2)=10.13,P<0.05).Fecal microbiota donation will trigger stigma and moral risks in the protection of privacy right.It is necessary to improve the ethical awareness and practical wisdom of researchers,promote the public's right to know and participate in biological scientific research,and protect the interests of the public and individuals from being infringed.

关 键 词：肠菌移植 超级供体 伦理 风险 知情同意 污名化 所有权 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]