罗布麻微生物脱胶的菌种筛选与工艺优化  

Optimizing microorganism degumming process of apocynum and bacterial screening

作　　者：程芬 张兴群 王云龙[1] 王颖 CHENG Fen;ZHANG Xingqun;WANG Yunlong;WANG Ying(College of Textile and Clothing,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830046,China;College of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学纺织与服装学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]东华大学生物与医学工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《纺织学报》2022年第12期82-87,共6页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51863020);天池博士计划项目(042312060);新疆大学博士科研启动基金项目(2019720001)。

摘　　要：为提高罗布麻微生物脱胶效率,采用透明圈法、DNS比色法以及16S rRNA分子鉴定等方法从新疆乌鲁木齐南山野生麻生长区土壤中筛选优势脱胶菌株,并设计正交试验将所筛优势菌株用于优化新疆罗布麻微生物脱胶工艺参数。试验结果表明:所筛7株菌具有较高果胶酶活、木聚糖酶活,低纤维素酶活,适用于罗布麻微生物脱胶的实际应用;7菌种主要为芽孢杆菌属,此外还有肠杆菌属、克雷伯菌属和泛菌属;在脱胶液pH值为7,浴比为1∶40,摇床转速为90 r/min的最优脱胶工艺参数下,最佳脱胶方式为7菌系复合脱胶,脱胶时残胶率可降至30.45%,脱胶效果改善,同时菌株之间形成稳定的脱胶菌群,脱胶时菌种之间的协同作用、拮抗作用会影响菌群的脱胶能力。In order to improve the efficiency of apocynum degumming,dominant degumming strains was screened from the soil of the wild hemp growth area of Urumqi,Xinjiang using the transparent zones method,DNS colorimetry method and 16S rRNA sequencing.The superior degumming strains were used to optimize the microbial degumming process of apocynum by the orthogonal experiment designed in this study.The experimental results show that seven dominant degumming strains with higher pectinase,xylanase and low cellulase are theoretically suitable for practical applications of apocynum degumming,which belong to four genera including Bacillus,Enterobacter,Klebsiella and Pantoea.The optimal parameters optimized by orthogonal tests are initial pH 7 of the degumming solution,bath ratio of 140 and shaker speed of 90 r/min.Using the optimization process parameters,the residual gum rate of complex bacteria can be reduced to 30.45%,the degumming effect is improved and thus the best method is degumming with 7 strains,because a stable degumming colony is formed between strains among which the synergism and antagonism may affect the degumming ability.

关 键 词：罗布麻 菌种筛选 酶活 微生物脱胶 脱胶工艺 

分 类 号：TS192.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]