合成芳香族化合物的酵母底盘改造策略  

Advances in Engineering Yeast Chassis for Producing Aromatic Compounds

作　　者：李慧敏 贾斌[1] 李霞[1] 刘夺[1] LI Hui-min;JIA Bin;LI Xia;LIU Duo(Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of Ministry of Education,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 3300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院教育部合成生物学前沿科学中心系统生物工程教育部重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《中国生物工程杂志》2022年第10期80-92,共13页China Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(21706186)资助项目。

摘　　要：芳香族化合物种类丰富,在多个行业具有广泛的用途,需求量大。通过构建微生物细胞工厂合成芳香族化合物具有独特的优势和工业化应用前景,其中酵母底盘因其清晰的遗传背景、完善的基因操作工具以及成熟的工业发酵体系等优势,常被用于构建细胞工厂。目前改造酵母底盘生产芳香族化合物的研究取得了一系列进展,并针对关键问题提出了一些可行的解决策略。针对酵母合成芳香族化合物的策略与挑战,从芳香族化合物合成路径改造、多样化碳源利用及转运系统改造、基因组多靶点改造、特殊酵母底盘及混菌系统构建、合成生物学高通量技术的应用这五个方面进行系统地梳理和阐述,为生产芳香族化合物的酵母底盘构建与改造提供思路。Aromatic compounds including lots of species are in high demand and widely used in many areas.The synthesis of aromatic compounds by constructing microbial cell factories has unique advantages and industrial applications.Yeast chassis is often used to build cell factories due to its clear genetic background,well-performed gene manipulation tools,and mature industrial system.A series of advances has been made in the production of aromatic compounds by engineering yeast chassis,and several feasible solutions have been proposed to solve key problems.In view of the strategies and challenges of yeast synthesis of aromatic compounds,this paper systematically reviews and elaborates on the five aspects,namely,the aromatic compound synthetic pathway modification,utilization of diverse carbon sources and modification of transport systems,genome multi-target modification,special yeast chassis and microbial consortium construction,and applications of synthetic biology high-throughput technologies,and provides ideas for the construction and engineering of yeast chassis for producing aromatic compounds.

关 键 词：芳香族化合物 酵母 底盘改造 基因组重排 合成生物学 

分 类 号：Q819[生物学—生物工程]