小球藻流加补料强化处理发酵废水联产高质蛋白饲料  

Fermentation wastewater treatment and high-quality protein production by Chlorella pyrenoidosa under fed-batch mode

作　　者：齐振华 周蓉 白亚楠 李玉芹[1] 唐裕芳[1] QI Zhenhua;ZHOU Rong;BAI Yanan;LI Yuqin;TANG Yufang(School of Chemical Engineering,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学化工学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《化工进展》2022年第12期6733-6743,共11页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21676228);湖南省自然科学基金(2021JJ30657,2021JJ30660,2021JJ40535);湖南省教育厅重点项目(20A472)。

摘　　要：考察利用小球藻强化处理曲霉发酵废水(发酵废水)并联产高质蛋白饲料的可行性。小球藻在流加补料模式下使得发酵废水总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH3-N)、化学需氧量(COD)、生化需氧量(BOD)去除率分别达到99.5%、95.1%、99.4%、98.2%和99.7%,较分批模式下污染物去除率提高了1.47倍、1.45倍、1.22倍、1.13倍和1.19倍,且其出水水质符合GB 25463—2010排放标准。联产获得小球藻生物量和蛋白高达48.53g/L和27.20g/L,藻蛋白中18种氨基酸含量为58.56%,8种必需氨基酸含量为26.44%,氨基酸评分65.3,属优质单细胞蛋白源。小球藻脂肪酸以C_(16)~C_(18)为主(˃86%),亚油酸和亚麻酸含量分别为27.06%和25.82%。小球藻重金属(铅、砷、镉、汞、铬)和微生物(沙门氏菌、霉菌、细菌)安全指标符合GB 13078—2017饲料卫生标准。进一步地,体外模拟猪肠胃液对藻粉干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和淀粉消化率为79.02%、90.17%、92.93%和87.81%,小肠Caco-2细胞对藻粉消化物多肽、甘油三酯、游离脂肪酸和碳水化合物吸收率为97.57%、85.79%、91.55%和35.22%,与常规玉米、豆粕饲料消化吸收率相当,结果可为他种微藻净化工业废水耦合高值精细化学品生产提供依据。The feasibilities of fermentation wastewater treatment and high-quality protein production by Chlorella pyrenoidosa was investigated.The removal rate of TP,TN,NH3-N,COD and BOD separately reached 99.5%,95.1%,99.4%,98.2%and 99.7%by C.pyrenoidosa under fed-batch treatment mode,which was 1.47,1.45,1.22,1.13,and 1.19-fold more than batch treatment mode,respectively.The effluent quality of fermentation wastewater treated with C.pyrenoidosa met discharge standard of GB 25463-2010.The biomass and protein yield of C.pyrenoidosa subjected to fermentation wastewater treatment were separately 48.53g/L and 27.20g/L.The proportions of 18 amino acids and essential amino acids in C.pyrenoidosa protein were separately 58.56%and 26.44%.The amino acid score was 65.3,which indicated that C.pyrenoidosa protein was a high-quality single-cell protein source.Additionally,C_(16)-C_(18) occupied approximate 86%of total fatty acids and also the contents of linoleic acid and linolenic were separately 27.06%and 25.82%in C.pyrenoidosa.Synchronously,the safety indexes of heavy metals and microorganisms of C. pyrenoidosa complied with GB 13078-2017 health standards for fodder. The digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, and starch of C. pyrenoidosa in simulative pig intestinal gastric juice in vitro were separately 79.02%, 90.17%, 92.93%, and 87.81%. The bioavailability of small intestinal Caco-2 cells to peptides, triglycerides, free fatty acid, and carbohydrates of digestive C. pyrenoidosa were separately 97.57%, 85.79%, 91.55% and 35.22%, which were roughly equivalent to the digestibility and bioavailability of other feed protein such as corn and soybean. The outcomes of this work could provide a basis for industrial wastewater treatment coupling co-production of high-value fine chemicals by other microalgae.

关 键 词：生物质 发酵废水 蛋白饲料 氨基酸 消化吸收 

分 类 号：X79[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学] Q819[农业科学—畜牧学]