芝麻浸提液对毛竹种子萌发及幼苗生理特性的影响  

Effects of Aqueous Extract from Sesamun indicum L.on Seed Germination and Physiological Characteristics of Phyllostachys edulis

作　　者：杨振亚 邹景泉[1] 倪惠菁 赵建诚 Yang Zhenya;Zou Jingquan;Ni Huijing;Zhao Jiancheng(Zhejiang Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 310023,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省林业科学研究院,杭州310023

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第1期11-17,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ19C0007);浙江省省属科研院所扶持专项(2021F1065-3)。

摘　　要：以2019年9月份采自广西桂林市的毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)种子为供试种子材料;以2019年10月份采自浙江省林业科学研究院竹类植物园的芝麻(Sesamum indicum L.)植株根、茎、叶为原料,制备不同质量浓度的水浸提液(25、50、75、100 g·L^(-1))为种子处理液;以蒸馏水为对照,在培养皿(直径15 cm)中分别加入不同质量浓度的芝麻根、茎、叶浸提液,每个培养皿中放入50粒毛竹种子,置于恒温恒湿箱(温度25℃、湿度90%)中进行发芽培养试验;发芽结束后,抽取幼苗10株,测定胚根的生理生化指标(超氧化物歧化酶活性、过氧化物酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性、可溶性蛋白质量分数、游离脯氨酸质量分数、丙二醛质量摩尔浓度);以毛竹种子发芽率、发芽指数、化感效应综合指数为评价指标,分析不同质量浓度芝麻根、茎、叶水浸提液对毛竹种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理特性的影响,探索芝麻对毛竹生长的潜在化感作用。结果表明:①随着芝麻根、茎、叶浸提液质量浓度的升高,毛竹种子的发芽率和发芽指数均呈降低趋势;芝麻根、茎、叶浸提液质量浓度为100 g·L^(-1)时,毛竹种子的发芽率和发芽指数均显著低于对照。芝麻叶浸提液处理的毛竹种子发芽率,在各质量浓度时均低于根、茎浸提液处理的毛竹种子发芽率。胚根和胚芽长度,均随芝麻浸提液质量浓度的升高而降低,而根芽比逐渐升高,但根芽比在芝麻浸提液质量浓度为75、100 g·L^(-1)处理间的差异不显著。②毛竹种子萌发的综合效应指数均小于0,但其绝对值均呈现升高趋势;同一芝麻器官浸提液,各芝麻浸提液质量浓度间的综合效应指数差异显著;同一质量浓度,芝麻叶浸提液的化感抑制作用,高于根、茎浸提液。③随着芝麻浸提液质量浓度的升高,毛竹幼苗抗氧化酶活性均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,但其达到峰值时的芝麻浸提液质量浓度不�Seeds of moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)collected from Guilin City,Guangxi in September 2019 were used as seed materials.Root,stem and leaf of sesame(Sesamun indicum L.)collected from the Bamboo Botanical Garden,Zhejiang Academy of Forestry in October 2019 were used as raw materials to prepare water extracts of different concentrations(25,50,75,and 100 g·L^(-1))as seed treatment solutions.The extracts with different contents were added into petri dishes(15 cm in diameter),with a control of distilled water.Fifty bamboo seeds were added in each petri dish.All the petri dishes were placed in an illuminated incubator with a constant temperature of 25℃and a constant humidity(90%).At the end of the germination experiment,ten seedlings were selected,and the physiological characteristics(SOD,POD,CAT,soluble protein,free proline and MDA)of radicle were measured.The germination rate,germination index and allelopathic effect comprehensive index were used as evaluation indexes to analyze the effects of aqueous extracts of sesame roots,stems and leaves with different concentrations on seed germination,seedling growth and physiological characteristics,and to explore the potential allelopathic effect of sesame on the growth of moso bamboo.Results showed that:(1)with the increase of the extract concentrations,the germination rate and germination index of moso bamboo seeds decreased,and the germination indexes of 100 g·L^(-1) were significantly lower than those of the control,respectively.The germination rate of sesame leaf extract were lower than those of root and stem extracts at all concentrations.The lengths of radicle and plumule decreased with the increase of the extract concentrations,while the ratio of radicle to plumule increased gradually.No significant difference was found between the concentrations of 75 and 100 g·L^(-1).(2)The synthesis effect of seed germination was less than 0,and the absolute value of synthesis effect increased.At the same organ,the synthesis effect among different concentrations was signif

关 键 词：毛竹 种子萌发 生理特性 芝麻 化感作用 

分 类 号：S722[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S795[农业科学—林学]