基于18世纪“类解”类文献的朝鲜语、满语、蒙古语语法形态考察  

Grammatical Morphology in Korean,Manchu,and Mongolian:A Study Based on the 18th-century Korean Ryuhae Literatures

作　　者：金光洙[1] 吴丽花[1] JIN Guangzhu;WU Lihua

机构地区：[1]延边大学朝汉文学院,延吉133002

出　　处：《民族语文》2022年第5期15-27,共13页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“朝鲜汉字资源文献整理与研究(18ZDA306)”;延边大学外国语言文学世界一流学科建设攻关科研项目(18YLGG01)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《同文类解》《蒙语类解》是朝鲜王朝司译院编纂的三语对译分类词汇集。作为18世纪极具代表性的“类解”类译学书,这两部文献资料中包含大量反映当时社会特性的基本词汇与相应词组,对于考察18世纪朝鲜语、满语、蒙古语的语法形态,探知不同语言间的异同,都具有重要意义。本文以《同文类解》《蒙语类解》两部词汇集为研究对象,试图从比较的角度,分析朝鲜语、满语、蒙古语在语法形态上的异同,以此管窥其同源关系。Tongmun Ryuhae and Monge Ryuhae are trilingual glossaries compiled by Sayeokwon,or the Bureau of Interpreters of the Korean Dynasty.As representatives of ryuhae books,Tongmun Ryuhae and Monge Ryuhae contain a large number of basic vocabulary and corresponding phrases that can reflect the social characteristics at that time.The two books are of great significance to understand the grammatical morphology of Korean,Manchu and Mongolian,and to identify the similarities and differences between the three languages at the 18th century.Focusing on these two vocabulary books,this paper attempts to analyze the similarities and differences in the grammatical morphology of Korean,Manchu and Mongolian via detailed comparative studies of nominal and verbal categories,hoping to shed some light on the genetic relationship of the three languages.

关 键 词：《同文类解》 《蒙语类解》 朝鲜语 满语 蒙古语 语法形态 

分 类 号：H2[语言文字—少数民族语言] H059