水飞蓟素对快速型黄羽肉鸡抗氧化能力、免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响  

Effects of Silymarin on Antioxidant Capacity,Immune Function and Intestinal Flora of Rapid Yellow Feather Broilers

作　　者：周昭彬 王维维 徐钰栋 赖宇谦 白心亮 宋泽和 刘自逵[1] 贺喜[3] ZHOU Zhaobin;WANG Weiwei;XU Yudong;LAI Yuqian;BAI Xinliang;SONG Zehe;LIU Zikui;HE Xi(College of Animal Medicine,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410125,China;Inner Mongolia Ever Brilliance Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Tongliao 028400,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物医学院,长沙410125 [2]内蒙古昶辉生物科技股份有限公司,通辽028400 [3]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第12期7686-7700,共15页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项(2018YFE0101700);财政部和农业农村部——国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-41-Z08);湖南省科技人才托举工程(2020TJ-Q02)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究水飞蓟素对快速型黄羽肉鸡抗氧化能力、免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响。试验选取288羽1日龄的黄羽母雏鸡,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复12羽。对照组(CON组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加250(S250组)、500(S500组)、750 mg/kg(S750组)的水飞蓟素。试验全期56 d,1-28日龄为试验前期,29-56日龄为试验后期。结果表明:1)与CON组相比,试验前期,S250组、S500组、S750组肝脏总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及谷氨酸半胱氨酸连接酶催化亚基(GCLC)、核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)mRNA表达量显著升高(P<0.05),S500组肝脏SOD和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著升高(P<0.05);试验后期,S250组、S500组、S750组肝脏T-AOC和GCLC mRNA表达量显著升高(P<0.05),S250组肝脏CAT和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著升高(P<0.05),S500组、S750组肝脏Nrf2 mRNA表达量显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与CON组相比,试验前期,S500组、S750组空肠黏膜干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)mRNA表达量显著升高(P<0.05),S250组、S500组、S750组空肠黏膜免疫球蛋白G(IgG)mRNA表达量显著降低(P<0.05);试验后期,S250组、S500组空肠黏膜IFN-γ、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、IL-6、IgG mRNA表达量显著升高(P<0.05),S250组、S500组、S750组空肠黏膜IgM mRNA表达量显著降低(P<0.05)。3)与CON组相比,试验前期,S250组、S500组、S750组盲肠菌群Chao1、Goods_coverage、Shannon、Simpson和Observed_species指数均显著升高(P<0.05)。4)与CON组相比,试验前期,S250组、S500组、S750组盲肠厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和粪杆菌属(Faecalibacterium)相对丰度均显著升高(P<0.05),盲肠拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、另枝菌属(Alistipes)、AF12相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05);试验后期,S750组盲肠软壁菌门(Tenericutes)相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05),S500组盲肠布劳特氏菌属(Blautia)相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05)。5)试验前期,CON组This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of silymarin on antioxidant capacity,immune function and intestinal flora of rapid yellow feather broilers.A total of 288 one-day-old yellow-feathered female chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 12 chicks per replicate.Broilers in the control group(CON group)were fed a basal diet,and others in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 250(S250 group),500(S500 group)and 750 mg/kg(S750 group)silymarin,respectively.The whole experiment lasted for 56 days,with 1 to 28 days of age in the early stage and 29 to 56 days of age in the late stage.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the CON group,during the early stage,the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity and mRNA expression levels of glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit(GCLC)and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)in liver of S250 group,S500 group and S750 group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the activities of SOD and catalase(CAT)in liver of S500 group were significantly increased(P<0.05);during the late stage,the T-AOC and GCLC mRNA expression level of S250 group,S500 group and S750 group were significantly increased(P<0.05),the activities of CAT and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in liver of S250 group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the liver Nrf2 mRNA expression level of S500 group and S750 group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)Compared with the CON group,during the early stage,the mRNA expression levels of interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin-6(IL-6)and immunoglobulin M(IgM)in jejunal mucosa of S500 group and S750 group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the jejunal mucosa immunoglobulin G(IgG)mRNA expression level of S250 group,S500 group and S750 group was significantly decreased(P<0.05);during the late stage,the mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),IL-6 and IgG in jejunal mucosa of S250 group and S500 group were significantly increased(P<

关 键 词：水飞蓟素 快速型黄羽肉鸡 抗氧化能力 免疫功能 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]