金属/非金属元素掺杂提升原子级分散碳基催化剂的氧还原性能  

Enhancing the Performance of Atomically Dispersed Carbon-Based Catalysts Through Metallic/Nonmetallic Elements Co-Doping Towards Oxygen Reduction

作　　者：孟鹏飞 张笑容 廖世军[1] 邓怡杰 Pengfei Meng;Xiaorong Zhang;Shijun Liao;Yijie Deng(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China;School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学化学与化工学院,广州510641 [2]南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,衡阳421001

出　　处：《化学进展》2022年第10期2190-2201,共12页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2017YFB0102900,2016YFB0101201);国家自然科学基金项目(No.51971094,21476088,21776104);广东省自然科学基金项目(No.2015A030312007)资助。

摘　　要：原子级别分散的过渡金属和氮共掺杂碳基催化剂(M-N_(x)-C)具有反应活性好、选择性高、制备容易等优点,被认为是最有可能取代价格昂贵的铂催化剂用作燃料电池阴极的一类非贵金属催化剂。然而,该类催化剂在阴极侧氧还原反应过程中存在活性位点密度较低、耐久性不足的问题制约了其在燃料电池中的实际应用。研究表明,通过多种金属/非金属元素的掺杂调控活性位点的电子结构与空间构型可显著提升M-N_(x)-C催化剂的氧还原活性和稳定性,已成为掺杂碳基催化剂领域的热门研究课题。本文综述了近年来国内外在多种金属/非金属元素掺杂提升M-N_(x)-C碳基催化剂性能方面的主要研究工作,包括金属元素掺杂、非金属元素掺杂等研究。文章进一步总结和指出了M-N_(x)-C碳基催化剂面临的问题及挑战,并对其发展前景和未来研究方向进行了展望。Metal-nitrogen-carbon(M-N_(x)-C),possessing prominent advantages of high reactivity,high selectivity,facile synthesis,have presented potential to replace the conventional platinum-based catalysts.However,when these catalysts are used in the oxygen reduction process of fuel cells,the low active site density and insufficient durability restrict application.It is found that modulating the electronic structure and spatial configuration of the active site by doping with various metal/nonmetal elements can significantly enhance the oxygen reduction activity and stability of M-N_(x)-C catalysts,which has become a popular research topic in the field.This article reviews the main research works in recent years at home and abroad on the doping of various metal/nonmetal elements to enhance the performance of M-N_(x)-C carbon-based catalysts,including the studies on doping of metal elements and doping of nonmetal elements.The article also summarizes and points out the problems and challenges faced by M-N_(x)-C carbon-based catalysts,and gives an outlook on their development prospects and future research directions.

关 键 词：非铂催化剂 碳基催化剂 氧还原 共掺杂 单原子催化剂 

分 类 号：O643.36[理学—物理化学]