2021年中国成年居民营养健康知识水平的地域差异  

Geographical distribution differences of nutrition and health knowledge among Chinese adults in 2021

作　　者：仇玉洁 丁彩翠 张妍 袁帆 赵博雅 郝丽鑫 宫伟彦 冯靖雯 陈征 刘爱玲 Qiu Yujie;Ding Caicui;Zhang Yan;Yuan Fan;Zhao Boya;Hao Lixin;Gong Weiyan;Feng Jingwen;Chen Zheng;Liu Ailing(National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Institute of Food and Nutrition Development,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100086,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京100050 [2]农业农村部食物与营养发展研究所,北京100086

出　　处：《卫生研究》2022年第6期881-885,共5页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：国家卫生健康委食品司居民营养健康知识知晓率评价指南(No.202012-201)。

摘　　要：目的 了解中国18~64岁成年居民营养健康知识水平的地域分布特点。方法 2021年利用多阶段整群随机抽样法抽取全国302个调查点共102 398名18~64岁常住居民进行问卷调查,最终纳入98 567人。均值和率的计算都经过复杂抽样加权处理。结果 营养健康知识得分东部(65.5±12.0)高于中部(62.4±11.9)和西部(61.4±12.9),北方(63.9±11.8)高于南方(63.1±12.8);七大地理分区中,得分最高的为华北地区(65.8±11.4),最低为西南地区(61.0±13.3)。营养健康知识知晓率东部(22.4%)高于中部(14.7%)和西部(14.9%);七大地理分区中知晓率最高为华东地区(23.2%),其次为华北地区(22.5%),最低为西北地区(13.2%)。不同地域居民在膳食推荐、食物特点、营养与疾病、食物选择、食品安全等维度的营养健康知识知晓率也存在差异,西北地区在食物特点及营养与疾病维度知晓率最低,华南地区在膳食推荐和食物选择维度知晓率最低,西南地区在食品安全维度知晓率最低,以上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论 2021年中国成年居民营养健康知识水平存在较大地域差异。OBJECTIVE To explore the geographical distribution of nutrition and health knowledge among 18-64 years old adults in China.METHODS A total of 102 398 residents aged 18-64 from 302 survey sites were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method, a total of 98 567 respondents were included in the study. Both mean and rate were calculated by complex sampling weighting.RESULTS The nutrition and health knowledge score in eastern region(65.5±12.0) was higher than that in central(62.4±11.9) and western(61.4±12.9), and the score in northern region(63.9±11.8) was higher than that in southern(63.1±12.8). In the seven geographical regions, the highest score was in north(65.8±11.4), and the lowest score was in northwest(61.6±12.2). The awareness rate of nutrition and health in eastern region(22.4%) was higher than that in central(14.7%) and western(14.9%), the highest awareness rate among the seven geographic regions was in east(23.2%), followed by north(22.5%) and the lowest was in northwest(13.2%). There were also differences in nutritional health knowledge levels of residents in different regions in the five dimensions(P<0.001). Northwest China had the lowest awareness of food characteristics and nutrition and disease dimensions, South China had the lowest awareness of dietary recommendations and food choices dimensions, and Southwest China had the lowest awareness of food safety dimensions.CONCLUSION The level of nutrition and health knowledge of Chinese adults have large geographical differences.

关 键 词：营养健康知识 知晓率 地域分布 成年居民 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R153[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]