天津市红桥区学龄前儿童屈光状态调查及相关因素分析  

Investigation on the refractive status of preschool children in hongqiao district ofTianjin and analysis of related factors

作　　者：朱欢欢 靳泳 田小磊 Zhu Huanhuan;Jin Yong;Tian Xiaolei(Community health service center,Jieyuan street,Hongqiao district,Tianjin,300121,China;Health care center for women and children,Hongqiao district,Tianjin,300121,China;People's hospital of Rongcheng County,Baoding,Hebei,071700,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市红桥区芥园街社区卫生服务中心,天津300121 [2]天津市红桥区妇女儿童保健中心,天津300121 [3]容城县人民医院,河北保定071700

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔医学院学报》2022年第19期1874-1878,共5页Journal of Qiqihar Medical University

摘　　要：目的了解天津市红桥区学龄前儿童屈光状态并进行影响因素分析。方法收集并记录2021年1—12月红桥区芥园街散居以及红桥区34所运行天津市妇幼保健系统的幼儿园3-6岁学龄前儿童、共6589名的查体数据。儿童使用伟伦Suresight视力筛选仪进行屈光筛查,对屈光情况进行分析。知情同意的情况下填写调查问卷,探讨是否早产、户外活动时长、近亲屈光情况等因素对儿童屈光状态的影响,整理结果进行logistic多因素分析,探讨影响学龄前儿童屈光状态的危险因素。结果6589名儿童(共13178眼)均完成屈光测试,屈光异常检出率为10.30%(1356/13178眼)。五种不同的屈光异常,以散光占比最高,依次为散光、远视、远视+散光、近视、近视+散光。随年龄增长,远视率逐渐下降,近视率逐渐上升。共6571名儿童家长参与了问卷调查。单因素分析中,年龄、近亲屈光不正遗传史、户外活动小于2小时/天、早产是相关因素(P<0.05),与性别、是否补充维A制品、睡眠时长达到9小时与否无关(P>0.05)。将相关因素进行logistic多因素分析得出近亲屈光不正遗传史、早产、户外活动小于2小时/天是学龄前儿童屈光不正的危险因素。结论屈光和视力是儿童眼保健的重要内容,早期筛查利于发现异常。屈光异常类型中以散光占比较高。近亲屈光不正遗传史、早产、户外活动小于2小时/天是学龄前儿童屈光不正的危险因素。因此,开展学龄前儿童屈光及视力筛查有重要意义。Objective To investigate the refractive status among preschool children in Hongqiao District,Tianjinand analysis of its influential factors.Methods The refractive status of 6589 three-to-six-year-oldpreschool children who lived in Jieyuan street,Hongqiao district or attended kindergartens in Hongqiao districtthose running Tianjin-Women-Children-Health-System were recorded from January to December,2021.Childrenwere screened for refractive errors using Veron-Suresight,and the results were analyzed.A survey was conducted toinvestigate whether factors such as premature delivery,frequent outdoor activities,and refractive status of closerelatives affected children’s refractive status,the results were analyzed with the multiple logistic analysis method toexplore the risk factors of preschool children’s refractive status.Results All the 6589 children(13178 eyes)completed the refraction test.The detection rate of ametropia was 10.30%(1356/13178 eyes).There were fivekinds of ametropia,the highest was astigmatism,the order as follows:astigmatism,hyperopia,hyperopia withastigmatism,myopia,myopia with astigmatism.As age increased,the rate of hyperopia gradually decreased and therate of myopia gradually increased.6571 parents participated in the survey.Accordingto univariate analysis,age,family history of ametropia in close relatives,outdoor activities lesser than 2h/d and premature delivery were related factors(P<0.05);gender,vitamin A supplement and sleep time longer than 9 hours were not significantrelated to the incidence of ametropia(P>0.05).Multiple logistic analysis showed that genetic history,prematuredelivery,outdoor activity lesser than 2h/d were the risk factors of ametropia in preschool children.Conclusions Refractive and visual acuity are important contents of children eye care.Early screening is helpful to findabnormalities.Astigmatism account for the most common type of ametropia.Family history of ametropia,prematuredelivery,outdoor activities lesser than 2h/d were the high risk factors for ametropia in pres

关 键 词：屈光状态 原因分析 学龄前儿童 

分 类 号：R778[医药卫生—眼科]