盲生的歧视知觉与心理健康的关系:领悟社会支持和自尊的链式中介作用  

The Relationship between Perceived Discrimination and Mental Health of Students with Visual Impairment:The Chain Mediation of Perceived Social Support and Self-Esteem

作　　者：班永飞 卢林鑫 陈燕琴 孙霁 王庭照[3] BAN Yongfei;LU Linxin;CHEN Yanqin;SUN Ji;WANG Tingzhao(School of Educational Sciences,Anshun University,Anshun,561000;School of Special Education,Anshun University,Anshun,561000;Department of Education,Shannxi Normal University,Xi'an,710062)

机构地区：[1]安顺学院教育科学学院,安顺561000 [2]安顺学院特殊教育学院,安顺561000 [3]陕西师范大学教育学部,西安710062

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2022年第9期29-38,共10页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“新时代边疆民族地区积极社会心态的形成机理与培育路径研究”(课题编号:18CSH042);2021年贵州省高等学校教学内容与体系改革项目“特殊教育学校盲生教育工作需求下的《盲文》课程教学改革”(课题编号:2021258)。

摘　　要：视力障碍会对个体生活产生影响,对心理方面的影响尤为严重,探讨盲生的心理健康及其内在机制对于提升心理健康非常重要。为了解盲生的歧视知觉、领悟社会支持、自尊、心理健康的关系及其内部机制,本研究采用整群随机抽样法对228名盲生进行调查。结果发现:(1)盲生的歧视知觉水平较低,心理健康和领悟社会支持均处于中等偏上水平,自尊处于中上水平;(2)盲生的歧视知觉与心理健康、自尊、领悟社会支持呈负相关,心理健康和自尊、领悟社会支持呈正相关,自尊与领悟社会支持呈正相关;(3)盲生的领悟社会支持、自尊分别在歧视知觉与心理健康关系中起部分中介作用,盲生的领悟社会支持与自尊在歧视知觉与心理健康关系中起链式中介作用。基于此,社会各界应为盲生成长营造良好的生态环境,减少他们的歧视认知,还应健全与完善社会支持网络,并重视盲生自身心理调适能力的提升,为提高其心理素质提供系统服务。Visual impairment has an impact on individuals’life,especially psychologically.It is important to explore the mental health of students with visual impairment and its mechanism.To understand the relationship between perceived discrimination,perceived social support,self-esteem,and mental health of students with visual impairment and their internal mechanism,228 students with visual impairment were surveyed using the cluster random sampling method.The results showed that:1)the score of perceived discrimination was low,and the scores of the mental health,perceived social support and self-esteem were above average;2)perceived discrimination was significantly negatively correlated with mental health,self-esteem,and perceived social support;mental health was significantly positively correlated with self-esteem and perceived social support;self-esteem was significantly positively correlated with perceived social support;3)perceived social support and self-esteem partially mediated the relationship between perceived discrimination and mental health,and perceived social support and self-esteem played a chain mediating role between perceived discrimination and mental health.Therefore,we should create a favorable ecological environment for students with visual impairment,reduce their perceived discrimination,improve their social support network and psychological adjustment ability,and provide systematic services to improve their psychological quality.

关 键 词：歧视知觉 自尊 领悟社会支持 心理健康 视力障碍 

分 类 号：G761[文化科学—特殊教育学]