减少作业时间会加剧教育结果不均等吗——基于CEPS的实证研究  

Can Reducing Homework Time Exacerbate Inequality in Educational Outcomes?Evidence from the Empirical Study of CEPS

作　　者：师欢欢 薛海平[1] SHI Huan-huan;XUE Hai-ping(College of Education,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学教育学院,北京100048

出　　处：《教育学报》2022年第6期151-168,共18页Journal of Educational Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金(教育学)重点项目“‘双减’政策落实的过程监测和成效评价研究”(项目编号:AHA220020)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：基于中国教育追踪调查数据,采用多层线性模型方法分析了作业时间对学生教育结果均等的影响。发现:学校作业时间对学生认知能力、宜人性、开放性和责任心的影响呈倒"U"型曲线关系;校外作业时间对学生认知能力和外向性的影响呈负向曲线关系,对情绪稳定性、宜人性、开放性和责任心的影响呈倒“U”型曲线关系;学校作业时间在合理范围内能够削弱家庭背景造成的教育结果不均等,减少过长的学校作业时间有助于学生发展和教育公平;校外作业时间的增加会加剧教育结果不均等。建议要协调多方力量加强中小学作业设计的微观研究;提高中小学教师科学布置作业的能力;引导家长理性看待作业功能,避免给子女布置过多校外作业而对学生发展产生不利影响。Based on China Education Panel Survey data(CEPS),this paper uses Hierarchical Linear Modeling to explore the impact of homework time on students'cognitive ability,non-cognitive ability,and educational outcomes.The results show that:The influence of schoolwork time on students'cognitive ability,agreeableness,openness and conscientiousness shows an inverted U-shaped curve;The influence of extracurricular work time on students cognitive ability and extroversion shows a negative curve,and the influence on neuroticism,agreeableness,openness and conscientiousness shows an inverted"U"curve;Schoolwork time within a reasonable range can weaken the inequality of educational outcomes caused by family background,and reduce the long schoolwork time is conducive to student development and educational equity;The increase of extracurricular work time will aggravate the inequality of educational outcomes.It is suggested that we should coordinate various forces to strengthen the micro research of homework design in primary and secondary schools;Improve the ability of primary and secondary school teachers to assign homework scientifically;Guide parents to view the function of homework rationally and avoid assigning too much homework to their children,which will have an adverse impact on the development of students.

关 键 词：“双减”政策 作业时间 教育结果均等 认知能力 非认知能力 

分 类 号：G62[文化科学—教育学]