以修身为本的教化哲学——《大学》“亲民”说证真及其思想价值解读  

The Philosophy of Enlightenment Based on Self-cultivation:An Interpretation on the Thought of"Qin-min"in Da Xue and Its Ideological Value

作　　者：宁静贤 NING Jing-xian(Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《教育学报》2022年第6期185-192,共8页Journal of Educational Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点课题《先秦儒家“意义-感通”的教化哲学研究》(项目批准号15AZX009)成果之一;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“从学生‘认可’走向‘融为一体’”(项目批准号2018NTSS22)成果之一。

摘　　要：“亲民”乃《大学》要义之一。宋儒改“亲”为“新”,从之者如云,非之者亦众,至今聚讼未已。“亲”“新”二字虽可通假互训,但分而言之,其义却有不容假借混同之处。故“亲民”与“新民”虽仅一字之差,却大异其趣:一敦教人之本而举其末,一偏教人之末而离其本。虽然“新民”在儒家语境和道德实践中确有其特定意义,却与《大学》“以修身为本”的义理结构不合,而在人与己、新与旧的割裂中将儒家切身易行的教育教化理论导向了功利主义。“亲民”说则深刻揭示了“以修身为本”的教育教化机制,此亦为“师范”教育之初衷与根本精神。The doctrine of Qin-Min which means fusing with people is one of the essential contents of Da Xue(The Great Learning).The Confucianists in Song dynasty change the Chinese character Qin to Xin which cause a large controversy in the history of the annotation of Confucian Classics.Until now,the debate has not ended.Even if the two characters can interchange with each other just from a literal point of view,they are different when used in the particular context.Although there is only a little difference between Qin-Min and Xin-Min in writing,the meanings expressed by the two characters are quite different:the former stresses the root of the education and includes the details as the same time;the later lays particular stress on the details and ignore the root of the education as the same time.Although the doctrine of Xin-Min has its specific meaning in the Confucian context and moral practice indeed,the concept is not consistent with the topic of The Great Learning,actually.On the contrary,the concept of Xin-Min leads the feasible Confucian educational theory to a utilitarianism condition with the separation between one person and another,as well as new and old.But the concept of Qin-Min reveals the educational mechanism which refers to cultivating one's morality as the root.

关 键 词：“新民” “亲民” 《大学》 “以修身为本” 道德教化 

分 类 号：G40-09[文化科学—教育学原理]