巴长大三元杂交猪不同部位肌纤维特性  

Traits of Muscle Fiber in Different Parts of Berkshire×Landrace×Yorkshire Porcine Hybrid Pigs

作　　者：高一 刘洪亮 于永生[2] 李兆华[1] 金鑫[1] 张国梁[1] 李娜[1] GAO Yi;LIU Hongliang;YU Yongsheng;LI Zhaohua;JIN Xin;ZHANG Guoliang;LI Na(Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Gong-zhuling 136100,China;Institute of Animal Biotechnology,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sci-ences,Gongzhuling 136100,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,公主岭136100 [2]吉林省农业科学院动物生物技术研究所,公主岭136100

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2022年第5期601-606,共6页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：吉林省自然科学基金项目(YDZJ202101ZYTS066);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20190301036NY);吉林省农业科学院基本科研经费项目(KYJF2021ZR112)。

摘　　要：为研究猪不同部位的肌纤维特性差异,以巴长大三元杂交猪的背最长肌、腰大肌、肩胛下肌及内收肌4个组织为研究对象,采用苏木精-伊红染色法(HE染色法)对不同部位的肌纤维直径、横截面积及密度进行形态学观察,再通过免疫组化法对各部位快、慢肌纤维表达百分比进行检测,最后利用qPCR分析各部位肌肉中MyHCⅠ/MYH7(慢速氧化型)、IIa/MYH2(快速氧化型)、IIx/MYH1(氧化酵解型)和IIb/MYH4(快速酵解型)基因的表达情况。结果发现,在背最长肌、腰大肌、内收肌及肩胛下肌肌肉组织中,快肌纤维所占比例为76%~91%,慢肌纤维表达占9%~23%。且以肩胛下肌肌纤维密度最大,氧化型肌纤维表达量最高,肉品质最好。腰大肌肌纤维密度最小,背最长肌氧化型肌纤维表达量最低。In order to explore the muscle fiber traits of different parts of pigs,four tissues of longissimus dorsi,psoas major,subscapularis and adductor of berkshire×landrace×yorkshire(BLY)hybrid pigs were studied.The diameter,cross-sectional area and density of muscle fibers in different parts were observed by HE staining,and the expression percentage of fast and slow muscle fibers in different parts was detected by immunohistochemistry.Finally,qPCR was used to analyze the expression of MyHCⅠ/MYH7(slow oxidizing type),IIa/MYH2(fast oxidizing type),IIx/MYH1(oxidation and glycolysis type)and IIb/MYH4(fast glycolysis type)genes in the muscles of different parts.The results showed that fast muscle fibers accounted for 76%-91%in longissimus dorsi,psoas major,adductor and subscapularis muscles,and slow muscle fibers accounted for 9%-23%.Subscapularis muscle had the best meat quality with the highest muscle fiber density and the highest content of oxidized muscle fibers.The muscle fiber density of psoas major was the lowest and the lowest content of oxidized muscle fibers was longissimus dorsi muscle.The study aims to collect data for the improvement of pig breeding and muscle quality by analyzing the muscle fiber traits in different parts of pigs.

关 键 词：猪 不同部位 肌纤维特性 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]