高渗盐水治疗颅内高压的最新研究进展  

Latest Progress of Hypertonic Saline in the Treatment of Intracranial Hypertension

作　　者：郑佳男 程迎新[2] 曹培成 李爱军[2] ZHENG Jianan;CHENG Yingxin;CAO Peicheng;LI Aijun(College of Clinical Medicine,Weifang Medical University,Shandong Weifang 261053,China;Dept.of Neurosurgery,the First Affiliated People’s Hospital of Weifang Medical College,Shandong Weifang 261053,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院临床医学院,山东潍坊261053 [2]潍坊医学院第一附属人民医院脑科分院神经外科,山东潍坊261053

出　　处：《中国医院用药评价与分析》2022年第12期1533-1536,共4页Evaluation and Analysis of Drug-use in Hospitals of China

基　　金：潍坊市科技发展计划项目(No.2020YX055)。

摘　　要：颅内高压主要是由不同疾病引起的脑水肿所致,脑水肿的治疗重点是利用脱水剂从脑组织中抽出水进入血管内空间来降低颅内压,即渗透压疗法,临床上最常见的脱水剂为甘露醇和高渗盐水。研究结果表明,与甘露醇相比,高渗盐水在降低颅内高压方面可能具有更深远和持久的作用。因此,近年来高渗盐水被广泛应用于临床脑水肿的治疗,主要利用其改变渗透压,改善血液流变学、循环系统以及免疫调节机制。但对于高渗盐水使用剂量、频率、浓度和给药途径等方面存在不一致之处。故本研究对高渗盐水治疗颅内高压进行综述。Intracranial hypertension is mainly caused by brain edema induced by different diseases, the key points of the treatment of brain edema is to pump water from the brain tissue into the intravascular space to reduce intracranial pressure by dehydrating agents, that is osmotic pressure therapy, and the most common used dehydrating agents are mannitol and hypertonic saline. Researches suggest that hypertonic saline may have more profound and long-lasting effect in reducing intracranial hypertension compared with mannitol. Therefore, the hypertonic saline has been widely used in the treatment of clinical cerebral edema in recent years, mainly by its mechanism of altering osmolarity, improving blood rheology, circulatory system and immune regulatory. However, there are inconsistencies in the dose, frequency, concentration and administration route of hypertonic saline. This paper reviews the treatment of intracranial hypertension with hypertonic saline.

关 键 词：高渗盐水 颅内压 渗透作用机制 免疫机制 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]