基于无人机RTK及空中三角测量的坡体表面位移监测试验研究  

Research on monitoring test of slope surface displacement by RTK based drones and aerial triangulation

作　　者：孟永东[1,2] 袁昌纬 田斌[1,2] 王博爽 蔡征龙[1,2] 张伟杰 张翔宇 MENG YongDong;YUAN ChangWei;TIAN Bin;WANG BoShuang;CAI ZhengLong;ZHANG WeiJie;ZHANG XiangYu(National Field Observation and Research Station of Landslides in Three Gorges of Yangtze River,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;College of Water Conservancy and Environment,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;Hubei Province Geological Environment Terminus,Wuhan 430034,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学湖北长江三峡滑坡国家野外科学观测研究站,宜昌443002 [2]三峡大学水利与环境学院,宜昌443002 [3]湖北省地质环境总站,武汉430034

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2022年第5期2188-2195,共8页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51939004);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1501100)联合资助。

摘　　要：对滑坡易发区域进行动态实时监测是及时预警滑坡灾害发生的重要手段之一.为弥补传统人工滑坡监测方法在复杂地形下工作时存在的效率低、风险高、难度大等缺陷,本文将无人机载波相位差分技术(Real-Time Kinematic,RTK)与空中三角测量相结合,开展坡体表面位移监测试验研究,采用运动恢复结构(Structure From Motion,SFM)算法,经过多像空间前方交会,解算同名像点的空间位移距离,进而实现滑坡体表面位移的动态实时监测.同时开展野外模拟滑坡的现场试验,通过比对观测位移与实际位移数据,分析并评估该方法监测精度.试验结果表明:采用无人机RTK结合空中三角测量技术,能大幅降低对地面控制点的需求,且位移监测的三维度单方向精度均优于2.0 cm,三个方向精度的均方根误差分别为0.6 cm、0.5 cm、2.0 cm,证实该方法用于监测滑坡表面位移的可行性.Dynamic real-time monitoring of landslide prone areas is one of the important means for timely warning of landslide disasters.In order to make up for the shortcomings of traditional artificial landslide monitoring methods in complex terrain,such as low efficiency,high risk and difficulty,this paper combines the Real-Time Kinematic(RTK)technology of drones with aerial triangulation to carry out the experimental study of slope surface displacement monitoring,Which adopt Structure From Motion(SFM)algorithm to calculate the spatial displacement distance of the same image point through the intersection of multi-image space,and then Then realize the dynamic real-time monitoring of the surface displacement of the landslide body.And the field test of simulated landslide is carried out,the monitoring accuracy of this method is analyzed and evaluated by comparing the observed displacement and the actual displacement data.The test results show that the RTK based drones combined with aerial triangulation technology can greatly reduce the demand for ground control points,and the three-dimensional single direction accuracy of displacement monitoring is better than 2.0 cm,and the root mean square errors of three direction accuracy are 0.6 cm,0.5 cm and 2.0 cm,respectively,which confirms the feasibility of this method for monitoring the displacement of the landslide surface.

关 键 词：滑坡 表面位移监测 无人机 无人机载波相位差分技术 空中三角测量 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]