89株蜡样芽孢杆菌食品分离株携带毒力基因情况及PFGE分型研究  

Study on virulence genes carrying status and PFGE typing of 89 strains of Bacillus cereus isolated from foods

作　　者：卢晓芸[1] 施怡茹 吴丽珠 高红梅[1] 郁晞[1] 庄源[2] 张红芝[2] 徐秋芳[1] LU Xiaoyun;SHI Yiru;WU Lizhu;GAO Hongmei;YU Xi;ZHUANG Yuan;ZHANG Hongzhi;XU Qiufang(Qingpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201799,China;Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200336,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市青浦区疾病预防控制中心,上海201799 [2]上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海200336

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2023年第1期18-21,共4页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

基　　金：上海市青浦区卫生健康委员会科研课题(W2019-34);上海市青浦区卫生健康系统第四轮人才培养基金项目(WD2019-18)。

摘　　要：目的了解上海市青浦区食品中蜡样芽孢杆菌污染情况、蜡样芽孢杆菌毒力基因的携带情况及脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)分型。方法参照GB4789.14-2014对729份食品样品(包含熟制米面制品、熟肉制品、学生午餐、酱料、蔬菜)进行蜡样芽孢杆菌的分离鉴定、生化分型;应用PCR对检出的蜡样芽孢杆菌进行9种腹泻毒素毒力基因和1种呕吐毒素毒力基因检测;使用PFGE分型方法及BioNumerics5.10软件进行聚类分析。结果该研究729份食品样品中检出89株蜡样芽孢杆菌,检出率为12.21%,其中熟制米面制品中蜡样芽孢杆菌检出数最多、检出率最高(35株,16.83%),生化分型以2型为主。9株菌株携带所有腹泻毒素毒力基因,14株携带呕吐毒素基因ces。PFGE结果显示,89株菌株可分为85个带型,NotⅠ酶切可得5~12条DNA片段,存在带型完全一致菌株。结论上海市青浦区熟制米面制品、熟肉制品、学生午餐等食品中均能检出蜡样芽孢杆菌且毒力基因携带率较高,存在同地点采样不同样品受相同菌株污染的情况,需加强食品的常规监测,预防食品受污染后引起的食源性疾病,保障公众食品安全,排除潜在食源性风险。Objective To understand the contamination,virulence genes carrying and typing of pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE)in Bacillus cereus(B.cereus)isolated from foods in Qingpu District of Shanghai City.Methods Referring to GB4789.14-2014,729 food samples(including cooked rice and noodle products,cooked meat products,school lunches,sauces,vegetables)conducted the isolation,identification and biochemical typing of B.cereus.A total of 9 kinds of diarrhea toxin virulence genes and 1 vomiting toxin virulence gene in detected B.cereus were detected by PCR;the clustering analysis was performed by using the PFGE typing method and BioNumerics 5.10 software.Results Among 729 food samples in this study,89 strains of B.cereus were detected with a detection rate of 12.21%,in which the number of B.cereus detected in cooked rice and noodle products,and the detection rate were the highest(35 strains,16.83%),and the biochemical type was dominated by the typeⅡ.A total of 9 strains carried all diarrhea related virulence genes,and 14 strains carried the vomiting virulence gene(ces).The PFGE results showed that 85 strains could be classified into 85 band patterns,NotⅠdigestion could obtain 5-12 DNA fragments,and the strains with completely identical band patterns existed.Conclusion B.cereus could be detected in the foods of cooked rice and noodle products,cooked meat products,school lunches in Qingpu District,moreover the virulent gene carrying rate is higher,the condition of same strain of bacterium contaminating different samples taken from the same location exists.It is needed to strengthen the routine monitoring of foods,prevent the food-borne diseases caused by food contamination to safeguard the public food safety and eliminate the potential food-borne risks.

关 键 词：蜡样芽孢杆菌 毒力基因谱 脉冲场凝胶电泳 分子分型 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]