植物多糖的生物学功能及其对鱼类健康的影响  

Biological functions of plant polysaccharides and their effect on fish health

作　　者：杨欣仪 类延菊 阳佩蓉 蔡佳玲 杨品红[1] 杨春英[1] YANG Xin-yi;LEI Yan-ju;YANG Pei-rong;CAI Jia-ling;YANG Pin-hong;YANG Chun-ying

机构地区：[1]湖南文理学院水产高效健康生产湖南省协同创新中心环洞庭湖水产健康养殖及加工湖南省重点实验室水生动物重要疫病分子免疫技术湖南省重点实验室,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2022年第20期130-136,共7页Feed Research

基　　金：湖南省科技厅自然科学基金面上项目(项目编号:18B394);湖南省教育厅重点项目(项目编号:18B394);湖南省教育厅一般项目(项目编号:19C1270)。

摘　　要：植物源多糖广泛存在于植物的根、茎、叶、花、果实等器官中,不同植物源多糖的单糖组成、比例和结构存在差异。随着我国水产养殖业逐步向集约化发展,养殖规模逐渐扩大,养殖密度逐渐增加,水产动物感染病原的机会增多,滥用、乱用抗菌药导致的细菌耐药性问题也日益严峻,因此寻找抗生素替代物成为研究的重点。植物多糖具有抗氧化、抗炎、降血糖、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、降血脂、免疫调节等生物学活性,具有来源广泛、价格低和毒副作用小等优点。文章总结了近年来关于植物多糖的生物学功能的研究进展,重点探讨植物多糖对鱼类健康的影响,以期为植物多糖在水产领域的深入开发、利用提供参考。Plant-derived polysaccharides are widely found in roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and other organs of plants. There are differences in monosaccharide composition, ratio and structure among different plant-derived polysaccharides. As aquaculture industry gradually develops towards intensive development, aquaculture scale expands gradually, aquaculture density increases gradually, the opportunity of aquatic animals infection pathogens increases, and the problem of bacterial resistance caused by abuse and indiscriminate use of antimicrobials is also becoming increasingly severe. Therefore, finding surrogate of antibiotics has the focus of research. Plant polysaccharides have biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, anti-tumor, anti-viral, hypolipidemic, immunomodulatory and so on, which have the advantages of wide sources, low price and small side effects. The paper summarizes the biological functions of plant polysaccharides of research progress in recent years, and focuses on the effect of plant polysaccharides on fish health, to provide reference for further development and utilization of plant polysaccharides in field of aquatic products.

关 键 词：植物多糖 水产动物 促消化功能 免疫调节 抗氧化功能 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]