空间理论视域中的城乡疏离与身份差异——《我弥留之际》的主题解读  

Urban-rural Estrangement and Identity Difference:Viewed from Space Theory as Reflected in As I Lay Dying

作　　者：贺爱军 胡伶俐 HE Ai-jun;HU Ling-li

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学外国语学院,山东青岛266100 [2]宁波大学外国语学院,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《解放军外国语学院学报》2022年第5期45-52,160,共9页Journal of PLA University of Foreign Languages

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“翻译地理学的理论构建及实践研究”(19AYY013)。

摘　　要：福克纳的小说《我弥留之际》以美国南方工业化、城市化带来的社会动荡为背景,探究了乡村和城镇两种社会空间的对峙与冲突。在美国现代化进程中,生活于城镇的强势阶层通过“空间表征”将乡村认定为地理上的隔都空间和经济上的下层空间,凸显二者之间的地域差别。空间在身份建构中扮演了重要角色,空间分配的不平等投射到居民身上,造成了城镇居民的身份优越感和乡村居民的心理自卑感。小说主人公本德仑一家前往杰弗生镇的“空间实践”既是突破城乡物理界限的一次尝试,也是寻求全新生存空间的一次博弈。行动的失败昭示了社会空间的稳固性。杰弗生镇实际上是城镇居民话语权力浇筑而成的“表征空间”,镇上居民对本德仑一家的规训喻示了权力博弈。由空间隔离造成的城乡隔阂与身份差异构成了福克纳作品的典型主题,彰显了作者对社会问题和人类生存状况的密切关注。In the novelAs I Lay Dying,Faulkner explores the confrontation and contradiction between the countryside and the town in the context of the social unrest caused by the industrialization and urbanization in the southern part of the United States at the time.In the process of modernization,the powerful class dwelling in towns translate the countryside into geographically isolated and economically lower space by virtue of“representation of space”,solidifying the hierarchical distinction between the town and the countryside.The mapping of identity onto geography exposes the unequal relationship of the residents,which embodies in the superiority of town folks and the selfdeprecation of rural people and shows the role of space in the identity construction.The“spatial practice”by the Bundren family to Jefferson town is not only an endeavor to break through the boundaries between the town and the countryside,but also an attempt to seek a new living space.The failure means the solidification of social space and social class.Jefferson town is the representational space of the discourse power of the townspeople,where the discipline imposed on the Bundren family by the townspeople shows the game of power.We can safely conclude that the urban-rural gap and the identity difference resulted from the isolated space are the typical theme of Faulkner’s novels,which demonstrates Faulkner’s concern for social problems and human living conditions.

关 键 词：福克纳 我弥留之际 城乡疏离 身份差异 空间理论 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]